\documentclass[hyphens,prologue,x11names,rgb,sigconf,anonymous]{acmart}

\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{minted}
\setminted{baselinestretch=1, numbersep=5pt, xleftmargin=9pt, linenos}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{hyperref}
%\usepackage{balance}

\copyrightyear{2021}
\acmYear{2021}
\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
\acmConference[FPGA '21]{Proceedings of the 2021 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays}{February 23--25, 2021}{Seaside, CA, USA}
\acmBooktitle{Proceedings of the 2021 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA '21), February 23--25, 2021, Seaside, CA, USA}
\acmPrice{15.00}
\acmDOI{10.1145/3373087.3375310}
\acmISBN{978-1-4503-7099-8/20/02}

\newif\ifCOMMENTS
\COMMENTStrue
\newcommand{\Comment}[3]{\ifCOMMENTS\textcolor{#1}{{\bf [\![#2:} #3{\bf ]\!]}}\fi}
\newcommand\JW[1]{\Comment{red!75!black}{JW}{#1}}
\newcommand\YH[1]{\Comment{green!50!blue}{YH}{#1}}
\newcommand\NR[1]{\Comment{yellow!50!black}{NR}{#1}}
\newcommand\ZD[1]{\Comment{blue!50!black}{NR}{#1}}

\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand\creduce{C-Reduce}

%%
%% The majority of ACM publications use numbered citations and
%% references.  The command \citestyle{authoryear} switches to the
%% "author year" style.
%%
%% If you are preparing content for an event
%% sponsored by ACM SIGGRAPH, you must use the "author year" style of
%% citations and references.
%% Uncommenting
%% the next command will enable that style.
%% \citestyle{acmauthoryear}

%%
%% end of the preamble, start of the body of the document source.
\begin{document}

%%
%% The "title" command has an optional parameter,
%% allowing the author to define a "short title" to be used in page headers.
\title{Fuzzing High-Level Synthesis Tools}

%%
%% The "author" command and its associated commands are used to define
%% the authors and their affiliations.
%% Of note is the shared affiliation of the first two authors, and the
%% "authornote" and "authornotemark" commands
%% used to denote shared contribution to the research.
\author{Zewei Du}
\email{zewei.du19@imperial.ac.uk}
\affiliation{%
  \institution{Imperial College London}
  \streetaddress{South Kensington Campus}
  \city{London}
  \country{UK}
  \postcode{SW7 2AZ}
}

\author{Yann Herklotz}
\email{yann.herklotz15@imperial.ac.uk}
\affiliation{%
  \institution{Imperial College London}
  \streetaddress{South Kensington Campus}
  \city{London}
  \country{UK}
  \postcode{SW7 2AZ}
}

\author{Nadesh Ramanathan}
\email{n.ramanathan14@imperial.ac.uk}
\affiliation{%
  \institution{Imperial College London}
  \streetaddress{South Kensington Campus}
  \city{London}
  \country{UK}
  \postcode{SW7 2AZ}
}

\author{John Wickerson}
\email{j.wickerson@imperial.ac.uk}
\affiliation{%
  \institution{Imperial College London}
  \streetaddress{South Kensington Campus}
  \city{London}
  \country{UK}
  \postcode{SW7 2AZ}
}

%%
%% By default, the full list of authors will be used in the page
%% headers. Often, this list is too long, and will overlap
%% other information printed in the page headers. This command allows
%% the author to define a more concise list
%% of authors' names for this purpose.
\renewcommand{\shortauthors}{Du, Herklotz, Ramanathan, and Wickerson}

%%
%% The abstract is a short summary of the work to be presented in the
%% article.
\begin{abstract}
High-level synthesis (HLS) is becoming an increasingly important part of the computing landscape, even in safety-critical domains where correctness is key. 
As such, HLS tools are increasingly relied upon. In this paper, we investigate whether they are trustworthy.

We have subjected three widely used HLS tools -- LegUp, Xilinx Vivado HLS, and the Intel HLS Compiler -- to a rigorous fuzzing campaign using thousands of random, valid C programs that we generated using a modified version of the Csmith tool. For each C program, we compiled it to a hardware design using the HLS tool under test and checked whether that hardware design generates the same output as an executable generated by the GCC compiler. When discrepancies arose between GCC and the HLS tool under test, we reduced the C program to a minimal example in order to zero in on the potential bug. Our testing campaign has revealed that all three HLS tools can be made either to crash or to generate wrong code when given valid C programs, and thereby underlines the need for these increasingly trusted tools to be more rigorously engineered.
\end{abstract}

%%
%% The code below is generated by the tool at http://dl.acm.org/ccs.cfm.
%% Please copy and paste the code instead of the example below.
%%

\begin{CCSXML}
<ccs2012>
<concept>
<concept_id>10010583.10010682</concept_id>
<concept_desc>Hardware~Electronic design automation</concept_desc>
<concept_significance>500</concept_significance>
</concept>
<concept>
<concept_id>10010583.10010682.10010689</concept_id>
<concept_desc>Hardware~Hardware description languages and compilation</concept_desc>
<concept_significance>500</concept_significance>
</concept>
<concept>
<concept_id>10011007.10011074.10011099</concept_id>
<concept_desc>Software and its engineering~Software verification and validation</concept_desc>
<concept_significance>500</concept_significance>
</concept>
</ccs2012>
\end{CCSXML}

\ccsdesc[500]{Hardware~Electronic design automation}
\ccsdesc[500]{Hardware~Hardware description languages and compilation}
\ccsdesc[500]{Software and its engineering~Software verification and validation}

%%
%% Keywords. The author(s) should pick words that accurately describe
%% the work being presented. Separate the keywords with commas.
\keywords{compilers, fuzzing, hardware design, reliability, testing}

%%
%% This command processes the author and affiliation and title
%% information and builds the first part of the formatted document.
\maketitle

\input{intro}

\input{related}

\input{method}

% \input{testing-system-new}

\input{eval}

\input{conclusion}

%\begin{acks}
%For final version of paper. 
%\end{acks}

\bibliographystyle{ACM-Reference-Format}
\bibliography{conference.bib}

\end{document}
\endinput

%%% Local Variables:
%%% mode: latex
%%% TeX-master: t
%%% End:
