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+/* lux.h (LU-factorization, rational arithmetic) */
+
+/***********************************************************************
+* This code is part of GLPK (GNU Linear Programming Kit).
+*
+* Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,
+* 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013 Andrew Makhorin, Department for Applied
+* Informatics, Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia. All rights
+* reserved. E-mail: <mao@gnu.org>.
+*
+* GLPK is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+* (at your option) any later version.
+*
+* GLPK is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+* or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+* License for more details.
+*
+* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+* along with GLPK. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+***********************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef LUX_H
+#define LUX_H
+
+#include "dmp.h"
+#include "mygmp.h"
+
+/***********************************************************************
+* The structure LUX defines LU-factorization of a square matrix A,
+* which is the following quartet:
+*
+* [A] = (F, V, P, Q), (1)
+*
+* where F and V are such matrices that
+*
+* A = F * V, (2)
+*
+* and P and Q are such permutation matrices that the matrix
+*
+* L = P * F * inv(P) (3)
+*
+* is lower triangular with unity diagonal, and the matrix
+*
+* U = P * V * Q (4)
+*
+* is upper triangular. All the matrices have the order n.
+*
+* The matrices F and V are stored in row/column-wise sparse format as
+* row and column linked lists of non-zero elements. Unity elements on
+* the main diagonal of the matrix F are not stored. Pivot elements of
+* the matrix V (that correspond to diagonal elements of the matrix U)
+* are also missing from the row and column lists and stored separately
+* in an ordinary array.
+*
+* The permutation matrices P and Q are stored as ordinary arrays using
+* both row- and column-like formats.
+*
+* The matrices L and U being completely defined by the matrices F, V,
+* P, and Q are not stored explicitly.
+*
+* It is easy to show that the factorization (1)-(3) is some version of
+* LU-factorization. Indeed, from (3) and (4) it follows that:
+*
+* F = inv(P) * L * P,
+*
+* V = inv(P) * U * inv(Q),
+*
+* and substitution into (2) gives:
+*
+* A = F * V = inv(P) * L * U * inv(Q).
+*
+* For more details see the program documentation. */
+
+typedef struct LUX LUX;
+typedef struct LUXELM LUXELM;
+typedef struct LUXWKA LUXWKA;
+
+struct LUX
+{ /* LU-factorization of a square matrix */
+ int n;
+ /* the order of matrices A, F, V, P, Q */
+ DMP *pool;
+ /* memory pool for elements of matrices F and V */
+ LUXELM **F_row; /* LUXELM *F_row[1+n]; */
+ /* F_row[0] is not used;
+ F_row[i], 1 <= i <= n, is a pointer to the list of elements in
+ i-th row of matrix F (diagonal elements are not stored) */
+ LUXELM **F_col; /* LUXELM *F_col[1+n]; */
+ /* F_col[0] is not used;
+ F_col[j], 1 <= j <= n, is a pointer to the list of elements in
+ j-th column of matrix F (diagonal elements are not stored) */
+ mpq_t *V_piv; /* mpq_t V_piv[1+n]; */
+ /* V_piv[0] is not used;
+ V_piv[p], 1 <= p <= n, is a pivot element v[p,q] corresponding
+ to a diagonal element u[k,k] of matrix U = P*V*Q (used on k-th
+ elimination step, k = 1, 2, ..., n) */
+ LUXELM **V_row; /* LUXELM *V_row[1+n]; */
+ /* V_row[0] is not used;
+ V_row[i], 1 <= i <= n, is a pointer to the list of elements in
+ i-th row of matrix V (except pivot elements) */
+ LUXELM **V_col; /* LUXELM *V_col[1+n]; */
+ /* V_col[0] is not used;
+ V_col[j], 1 <= j <= n, is a pointer to the list of elements in
+ j-th column of matrix V (except pivot elements) */
+ int *P_row; /* int P_row[1+n]; */
+ /* P_row[0] is not used;
+ P_row[i] = j means that p[i,j] = 1, where p[i,j] is an element
+ of permutation matrix P */
+ int *P_col; /* int P_col[1+n]; */
+ /* P_col[0] is not used;
+ P_col[j] = i means that p[i,j] = 1, where p[i,j] is an element
+ of permutation matrix P */
+ /* if i-th row or column of matrix F is i'-th row or column of
+ matrix L = P*F*inv(P), or if i-th row of matrix V is i'-th row
+ of matrix U = P*V*Q, then P_row[i'] = i and P_col[i] = i' */
+ int *Q_row; /* int Q_row[1+n]; */
+ /* Q_row[0] is not used;
+ Q_row[i] = j means that q[i,j] = 1, where q[i,j] is an element
+ of permutation matrix Q */
+ int *Q_col; /* int Q_col[1+n]; */
+ /* Q_col[0] is not used;
+ Q_col[j] = i means that q[i,j] = 1, where q[i,j] is an element
+ of permutation matrix Q */
+ /* if j-th column of matrix V is j'-th column of matrix U = P*V*Q,
+ then Q_row[j] = j' and Q_col[j'] = j */
+ int rank;
+ /* the (exact) rank of matrices A and V */
+};
+
+struct LUXELM
+{ /* element of matrix F or V */
+ int i;
+ /* row index, 1 <= i <= m */
+ int j;
+ /* column index, 1 <= j <= n */
+ mpq_t val;
+ /* numeric (non-zero) element value */
+ LUXELM *r_prev;
+ /* pointer to previous element in the same row */
+ LUXELM *r_next;
+ /* pointer to next element in the same row */
+ LUXELM *c_prev;
+ /* pointer to previous element in the same column */
+ LUXELM *c_next;
+ /* pointer to next element in the same column */
+};
+
+struct LUXWKA
+{ /* working area (used only during factorization) */
+ /* in order to efficiently implement Markowitz strategy and Duff
+ search technique there are two families {R[0], R[1], ..., R[n]}
+ and {C[0], C[1], ..., C[n]}; member R[k] is a set of active
+ rows of matrix V having k non-zeros, and member C[k] is a set
+ of active columns of matrix V having k non-zeros (in the active
+ submatrix); each set R[k] and C[k] is implemented as a separate
+ doubly linked list */
+ int *R_len; /* int R_len[1+n]; */
+ /* R_len[0] is not used;
+ R_len[i], 1 <= i <= n, is the number of non-zero elements in
+ i-th row of matrix V (that is the length of i-th row) */
+ int *R_head; /* int R_head[1+n]; */
+ /* R_head[k], 0 <= k <= n, is the number of a first row, which is
+ active and whose length is k */
+ int *R_prev; /* int R_prev[1+n]; */
+ /* R_prev[0] is not used;
+ R_prev[i], 1 <= i <= n, is the number of a previous row, which
+ is active and has the same length as i-th row */
+ int *R_next; /* int R_next[1+n]; */
+ /* R_prev[0] is not used;
+ R_prev[i], 1 <= i <= n, is the number of a next row, which is
+ active and has the same length as i-th row */
+ int *C_len; /* int C_len[1+n]; */
+ /* C_len[0] is not used;
+ C_len[j], 1 <= j <= n, is the number of non-zero elements in
+ j-th column of the active submatrix of matrix V (that is the
+ length of j-th column in the active submatrix) */
+ int *C_head; /* int C_head[1+n]; */
+ /* C_head[k], 0 <= k <= n, is the number of a first column, which
+ is active and whose length is k */
+ int *C_prev; /* int C_prev[1+n]; */
+ /* C_prev[0] is not used;
+ C_prev[j], 1 <= j <= n, is the number of a previous column,
+ which is active and has the same length as j-th column */
+ int *C_next; /* int C_next[1+n]; */
+ /* C_next[0] is not used;
+ C_next[j], 1 <= j <= n, is the number of a next column, which
+ is active and has the same length as j-th column */
+};
+
+#define lux_create _glp_lux_create
+LUX *lux_create(int n);
+/* create LU-factorization */
+
+#define lux_decomp _glp_lux_decomp
+int lux_decomp(LUX *lux, int (*col)(void *info, int j, int ind[],
+ mpq_t val[]), void *info);
+/* compute LU-factorization */
+
+#define lux_f_solve _glp_lux_f_solve
+void lux_f_solve(LUX *lux, int tr, mpq_t x[]);
+/* solve system F*x = b or F'*x = b */
+
+#define lux_v_solve _glp_lux_v_solve
+void lux_v_solve(LUX *lux, int tr, mpq_t x[]);
+/* solve system V*x = b or V'*x = b */
+
+#define lux_solve _glp_lux_solve
+void lux_solve(LUX *lux, int tr, mpq_t x[]);
+/* solve system A*x = b or A'*x = b */
+
+#define lux_delete _glp_lux_delete
+void lux_delete(LUX *lux);
+/* delete LU-factorization */
+
+#endif
+
+/* eof */