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This big PR adds support for bit fields in structs and unions to
the verified part of CompCert, namely the CompCert C and Clight
languages.
The compilation of bit field accesses to normal integer accesses +
shifts and masks is done and proved correct as part of the Cshmgen
pass.
The layout of bit fields in memory is done by the functions in module
Ctypes. It follows the ELF ABI layout algorithm. As a bonus, basic
soundness properties of the layout are shown, such as "two different
bit fields do not overlap" or "a bit field and a regular field do not
overlap".
All this replaces the previous emulation of bit fields by
source-to-source rewriting in the unverified front-end of CompCert
(module cparse/Bitfield.ml). This emulation was prone to errors (see
nonstandard layout instead.
The core idea for the PR is that expressions in l-value position
denote not just a block, a byte offset and a type, but also a bitfield
designator saying whether all the bits of the type are accessed
(designator Full) or only some of its bits (designator
Bits). Designators of the Bits kind appear when the l-value is a bit
field access; the bit width and bit offset in Bits are computed by the
functions in Ctypes that implement the layout algorithm.
Consequently, both in the semantics of CompCert C and Clight and in
the SimplExpr, SimplLocals and Cshmgen compilation passes, pairs of a
type and a bitfield designator are used in a number of places where a
single type was used before.
The introduction of bit fields has a big impact on static
initialization (module cfrontend/Initializers.v), which had to be
rewritten in large part, along with its soundness proof
(cfrontend/Initializersproof.v).
Both static initialization and run-time manipulation of bit fields are
tested in test/abi using differential testing against GCC and
randomly-generated structs.
This work exposed subtle interactions between bit fields and the
volatile modifier. Currently, the volatile modifier is ignored when
accessing a bit field (and a warning is printed at compile-time), just
like it is ignored when accessing a struct or union as a r-value.
Currently, the natural alignment of bit fields and their storage units
cannot be modified with the aligned attribute. _Alignas on bit fields
is rejected as per C11, and the packed modifier cannot be applied to a
struct containing bit fields.
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The GPL makes sense for whole applications, but the dual-licensed Coq
and OCaml files are more like libraries to be combined with other
code, so the LGPL is more appropriate.
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In compCert 2.5 the semantics of pointer comparisons against the NULL pointer was made more accurate by making it undefined if the pointer is invalid (outside bounds). Technical difficulties prevented this change from being propagated to the semantics of casts from pointer types to the _Bool type, which involves an implicit pointer comparison against NULL. Hence, this kind of casts was temporarily given undefined semantics.
This commit makes pointer-to-_Bool casts semantically defined (again), provided the pointer is valid. This reinstates the equivalence between casts to _Bool and comparisons != 0. The technical difficulties mentioned above came from the translation of assignments in a value context in the SimplExpr pass. The pass was lightly modified to work around the issue.
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(in CompCert C to Cminor, included)
- Translation of "switch" to decision trees or jumptables made generic
over the sizes of integers and moved to the Cminor->CminorSel pass
instead of CminorSel->RTL as before.
- CminorSel: add "exitexpr" to support the above.
- ValueDomain: more precise analysis of comparisons against an integer
literal. E.g. "x >=u 0" is always true.
git-svn-id: https://yquem.inria.fr/compcert/svn/compcert/trunk@2565 fca1b0fc-160b-0410-b1d3-a4f43f01ea2e
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- C function types and Cminor signatures annotated by calling conventions.
esp. vararg / not vararg
- Cshmgen: generate correct code for function call where there are
more arguments than listed in the function prototype. This is
still undefined behavior according to the formal semantics,
but correct code is generated.
- C2C, */PrintAsm.ml: remove "printf$iif" hack.
- powerpc/, checklink/: don't generate stubs for variadic functions.
git-svn-id: https://yquem.inria.fr/compcert/svn/compcert/trunk@2386 fca1b0fc-160b-0410-b1d3-a4f43f01ea2e
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Update ARM port.
git-svn-id: https://yquem.inria.fr/compcert/svn/compcert/trunk@2085 fca1b0fc-160b-0410-b1d3-a4f43f01ea2e
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- Alternate semantics for Clight where function parameters are temporaries,
not variables
- New pass SimplLocals that turns non-addressed local variables into
temporaries
- Simplified Csharpminor, Cshmgen and Cminorgen accordingly
- SimplExpr starts its temporaries above variable names, therefoe
Cminorgen no longer needs to encode variable names and temps names.
- Simplified Cminor parser & printer, as well as Errors, accordingly.
- New tool clightgen to produce Clight AST in Coq-parsable .v files.
- Removed side condition "return type is void" on rules skip_seq
in the semantics of CompCert C, Clight, C#minor, Cminor.
- Adapted RTLgenproof accordingly (now uses a memory extension).
git-svn-id: https://yquem.inria.fr/compcert/svn/compcert/trunk@2083 fca1b0fc-160b-0410-b1d3-a4f43f01ea2e
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Cstrategy: updated the big-step semantics with Eseqand and Eseqor.
git-svn-id: https://yquem.inria.fr/compcert/svn/compcert/trunk@2062 fca1b0fc-160b-0410-b1d3-a4f43f01ea2e
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