Add ACM template

3 files changed, 6118 insertions, 5 deletions

diff --git a/ACM-Reference-Format.bst b/ACM-Reference-Format.bst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18bf3b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ACM-Reference-Format.bst
@@ -0,0 +1,2965 @@
+%%% -*-BibTeX-*-
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%%  @BibTeX-style-file{
+%%%     author          = "Nelson H. F. Beebe, Boris Veytsman and Gerald Murray",
+%%%     version         = "2.1",
+%%%     date            = "14 June 2017",
+%%%     filename        = "ACM-Reference-Format.bst",
+%%%     email           = "borisv@lk.net, boris@varphi.com",
+%%%     codetable       = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%     keywords        = "ACM Transactions bibliography style; BibTeX",
+%%%     license         = "public domain",
+%%%     supported       = "yes",
+%%%     abstract        = "",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+
+%%% Revision history:  see source in git
+
+ENTRY
+  { address
+    advisor
+    archiveprefix
+    author
+    booktitle
+    chapter
+    city
+    date
+    edition
+    editor
+    eprint
+    eprinttype
+    eprintclass
+    howpublished
+    institution
+    journal
+    key
+    location
+    month
+    note
+    number
+    organization
+    pages
+    primaryclass
+    publisher
+    school
+    series
+    title
+    type
+    volume
+    year
+        % New keys recognized
+        issue         % UTAH: used in, e.g., ACM SIGSAM Bulletin and ACM Communications in Computer Algebra
+        articleno
+        eid
+        day           % UTAH: needed for newspapers, weeklies, bi-weeklies
+        doi           % UTAH
+        url           % UTAH
+        bookpages     % UTAH
+        numpages
+        lastaccessed  % UTAH: used only for @Misc{...}
+        coden         % UTAH
+        isbn          % UTAH
+        isbn-13       % UTAH
+        issn          % UTAH
+        lccn          % UTAH
+  }
+  {}
+  { label.year extra.label sort.year sort.label basic.label.year}
+
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+
+INTEGERS { show-isbn-10-and-13 }  % initialized below in begin.bib
+
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+
+INTEGERS { len }
+
+INTEGERS { last.extra.num }
+
+STRINGS { s t t.org u }
+
+STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
+
+STRINGS { p1 p2 p3 page.count }
+
+
+FUNCTION { not }
+{
+    { #0 }
+    { #1 }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { and }
+{
+    'skip$
+    { pop$ #0 }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { or }
+{
+   { pop$ #1 }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { dump.stack.1 }
+{
+    duplicate$ "STACK[top] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { dump.stack.2 }
+{
+    duplicate$ "STACK[top  ] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
+    swap$
+    duplicate$ "STACK[top-1] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
+    swap$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { empty.or.unknown }
+{
+  %% Examine the top stack entry, and push 1 if it is empty, or
+  %% consists only of whitespace, or is a string beginning with two
+  %% queries (??), and otherwise, push 0.
+  %%
+  %% This function provides a replacement for empty$, with the
+  %% convenient feature that unknown values marked by two leading
+  %% queries are treated the same as missing values, and thus, do not
+  %% appear in the output .bbl file, and yet, their presence in .bib
+  %% file(s) serves to mark values which are temporarily missing, but
+  %% are expected to be filled in eventually once more data is
+  %% obtained.  The TeX User Group and BibNet bibliography archives
+  %% make extensive use of this practice.
+  %%
+  %% An empty string cannot serve the same purpose, because just as in
+  %% statistics data processing, an unknown value is not the same as an
+  %% empty value.
+  %%
+  %% At entry: stack = ... top:[string]
+  %% At exit:  stack = ... top:[0 or 1]
+
+  duplicate$ empty$
+    { pop$ #1 }
+    { #1 #2 substring$ "??" = }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { writeln }
+{
+  %% In BibTeX style files, the sequences
+  %%
+  %%     ... "one" "two" output
+  %%     ... "one" "two" output.xxx
+  %%
+  %% ship "one" to the output file, possibly following by punctuation,
+  %% leaving the stack with
+  %%
+  %%     ... "two"
+  %%
+  %% There is thus a one-string lag in output processing that must be
+  %% carefully handled to avoid duplicating a string in the output
+  %% file.  Unless otherwise noted, all output.xxx functions leave
+  %% just one new string on the stack, and that model should be born
+  %% in mind when reading or writing function code.
+  %%
+  %% BibTeX's asynchronous buffering of output from strings from the
+  %% stack is confusing because newline$ bypasses the buffer.  It
+  %% would have been so much easier for newline to be a character
+  %% rather than a state of the output-in-progress.
+  %%
+  %% The documentation in btxhak.dvi is WRONG:  it says
+  %%
+  %%    newline$ Writes onto the bbl file what's accumulated in the
+  %%             output buffer. It writes a blank line if and only
+  %%             if the output buffer is empty. Since write$ does
+  %%             reasonable line breaking, you should use this
+  %%             function only when you want a blank line or an
+  %%             explicit line break.
+  %%
+  %%    write$   Pops the top (string) literal and writes it on the
+  %%             output buffer (which will result in stuff being
+  %%             written onto the bbl file when the buffer fills
+  %%             up).
+  %%
+  %% Examination of the BibTeX source code shows that write$ does
+  %% indeed behave as claimed, but newline$ sends a newline character
+  %% directly to the output file, leaving the stack unchanged.  The
+  %% first line "Writes onto ... buffer." is therefore wrong.
+  %%
+  %% The original BibTeX style files almost always use "write$ newline$"
+  %% in that order, so it makes sense to hide that pair in a private
+  %% function like this one, named after a statement in Pascal,
+  %% the programming language embedded in the BibTeX Web program.
+
+  write$                % output top-of-stack string
+  newline$              % immediate write of newline (not via stack)
+}
+
+FUNCTION { init.state.consts }
+{
+  #0 'before.all :=
+  #1 'mid.sentence :=
+  #2 'after.sentence :=
+  #3 'after.block :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T  Stack out: ... R T   File out: S<comma><space>
+  's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =
+    {
+      ", " * write$
+    }
+    {
+      output.state after.block =
+        {
+          add.period$ writeln
+          "\newblock " write$
+        }
+        {
+          output.state before.all =
+            {
+              write$
+            }
+            {
+              add.period$ " " * write$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull.dot.space }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T  Stack out: ... R T   File out: S<dot><space>
+  's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =           % { "<DEBUG output.nonnull.dot.space>. " * write$ }
+    {
+      ". " * write$
+    }
+    {
+      output.state after.block =
+        {
+          add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
+        }
+        {
+          output.state before.all =
+            {
+              write$
+            }
+            {
+              add.period$ " " * write$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull.remove }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T  Stack out: ... R T   File out: S<space>
+  's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =
+    {
+      " " * write$
+    }
+    {
+      output.state after.block =
+        {
+          add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
+        }
+        {
+          output.state before.all =
+            {
+              write$
+            }
+            {
+              add.period$ " " * write$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull.removenospace }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T  Stack out: ... R T   File out: S
+  's :=
+  output.state mid.sentence =
+    {
+      "" * write$
+    }
+    {
+      output.state after.block =
+        {
+          add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
+        }
+        {
+          output.state before.all =
+            {
+              write$
+            }
+            {
+              add.period$ " " * write$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+    }
+  if$
+  s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output }
+{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    'pop$
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.dot.space }
+{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull.dot.space
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    'pop$
+    'output.nonnull.dot.space
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.removenospace }
+{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull.removenospace
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    'pop$
+    'output.nonnull.removenospace
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.check }
+{ % like output, but warn if key name on top-of-stack is not set
+  't :=
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+    'output.nonnull
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { bibinfo.output.check }
+{ % like output.check, adding bibinfo field
+  't :=
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+    { "\bibinfo{" t "}{" * * swap$ * "}" *
+      output.nonnull }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.check.dot.space }
+{ % like output.dot.space, but warn if key name on top-of-stack is not set
+  't :=
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+    'output.nonnull.dot.space
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { fin.block }
+{ % functionally, but not logically, identical to fin.entry
+   add.period$
+   writeln
+}
+
+FUNCTION { fin.entry }
+{
+   add.period$
+   writeln
+}
+
+FUNCTION { new.sentence }
+{ % update sentence state, with neither output nor stack change
+  output.state after.block =
+    'skip$
+    {
+      output.state before.all =
+        'skip$
+        { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { fin.sentence }
+{
+   add.period$
+   write$
+   new.sentence
+   ""
+}
+
+FUNCTION { new.block }
+{
+  output.state before.all =
+    'skip$
+    { after.block 'output.state := }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.coden }       % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty CODEN as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+  coden empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\showCODEN{" coden * "}" * writeln }
+  if$
+}
+
+%
+% Sometimes articleno starts with the word 'Article' or 'Paper.
+% (this is a bug of acmdl, sigh)
+% We strip them.  We assume eid or articleno is already on stack
+%
+
+FUNCTION { strip.articleno.or.eid }
+{
+  't :=
+  t #1 #7 substring$ "Article" = 
+    {t #8 t text.length$ substring$ 't :=}
+    { }
+  if$
+  t #1 #7 substring$ "article" = 
+    {t #8 t text.length$ substring$ 't :=}
+    { }
+  if$
+  t #1 #5 substring$ "Paper" = 
+    {t #6 t text.length$ substring$ 't :=}
+    { }
+  if$
+  t #1 #5 substring$ "paper" = 
+    {t #6 t text.length$ substring$ 't :=}
+    { }
+  if$
+  % Strip any left trailing space or ~
+  t #1 #1 substring$ " " =
+    {t #2 t text.length$ substring$ 't :=}
+    { }
+  if$ 
+  t #1 #1 substring$ "~" =
+    {t #2 t text.length$ substring$ 't :=}
+    { }
+  if$
+  t 
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { format.articleno }
+{
+  articleno empty.or.unknown not eid empty.or.unknown not and
+     { "Both articleno and eid are defined for " cite$ * warning$ }
+     'skip$
+  if$
+  articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+     { "" }
+     {
+        numpages empty.or.unknown
+          { "articleno or eid field, but no numpages field, in "
+            cite$ * warning$ }
+          { }
+        if$
+        eid empty.or.unknown
+          { "Article \bibinfo{articleno}{" articleno strip.articleno.or.eid * "}" * }
+          { "Article \bibinfo{articleno}{" eid strip.articleno.or.eid * "}" * }
+        if$
+     }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.year }
+{ % push year string or "[n.\,d.]" onto output stack
+  %% Because year is a mandatory field, we always force SOMETHING
+  %% to be output
+  "\bibinfo{year}{"
+  year empty.or.unknown
+    { "[n.\,d.]" }
+    { year }
+  if$
+  *  "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.day.month }
+{ % push "day month " or "month " or "" onto output stack
+  day empty.or.unknown
+    {
+      month empty.or.unknown
+        { "" }
+        { "\bibinfo{date}{" month * "} " *}
+      if$
+    }
+    {
+      month empty.or.unknown
+        { "" }
+        { "\bibinfo{date}{" day * " " * month * "} " *}
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.day.month.year }     % UTAH
+{ % if month is empty, push "" else push "(MON.)" or "(DD MON.)"
+  % Needed for frequent periodicals: 2008. ... New York Times C-1, C-2, C-17 (23 Oct.)
+  % acm-*.bst addition: prefix parenthesized date string with
+  % ", Article nnn "
+  articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+    { "" }
+    { output.state after.block =
+       {", " format.articleno * }
+       { format.articleno  }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  " (" * format.day.month * format.year * ")" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.day.month.year }     % UTAH
+{ % if month is empty value, do nothing; else output stack top and
+  % leave with new top string "(MON.)" or "(DD MON.)"
+  % Needed for frequent periodicals: 2008. ... New York Times C-1, C-2, C-17 (23 Oct.)
+  format.day.month.year
+  output.nonnull.remove
+}
+
+FUNCTION { strip.doi } % UTAH
+{ % Strip any Web address prefix to recover the bare DOI, leaving the
+  % result on the output stack, as recommended by CrossRef DOI
+  % documentation.
+  % For example, reduce "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1534530.1534545" to
+  % "10.1145/1534530.1534545".  A suitable URL is later typeset and
+  % displayed as the LAST item in the reference list entry.  Publisher Web
+  % sites wrap this with a suitable link to a real URL to resolve the DOI,
+  % and the master https://doi.org/ address is preferred, since publisher-
+  % specific URLs can disappear in response to economic events.  All
+  % journals are encouraged by the DOI authorities to use that typeset
+  % format and link procedures for uniformity across all publications that
+  % include DOIs in reference lists.
+  % The numeric prefix is guaranteed to start with "10.", so we use
+  % that as a test.
+  % 2017-02-04 Added stripping of https:// (Boris)
+  doi #1 #3 substring$ "10." =
+    { doi }
+    {
+      doi 't :=  % get modifiable copy of DOI
+
+      % Change https:// to http:// to strip both prefixes (BV)
+
+      t #1 #8 substring$ "https://" =
+        { "http://"  t #9 t text.length$ #8 - substring$ * 't := }
+        { }
+      if$
+
+      t #1 #7 substring$ "http://" =
+        {
+            t #8 t text.length$ #7 - substring$ 't :=
+
+            "INTERNAL STYLE-FILE ERROR" 's :=
+
+            % search for next "/" and assign its suffix to s
+
+            { t text.length$ }
+            {
+              t #1 #1 substring$ "/" =
+                {
+                  % save rest of string as true DOI (should be 10.xxxx/yyyy)
+                  t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ 's :=
+                  "" 't :=    % empty string t terminates the loop
+                }
+                {
+                  % discard first character and continue loop: t <= substring(t,2,last)
+                  t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ 't :=
+                }
+              if$
+            }
+            while$
+
+            % check for valid DOI (should be 10.xxxx/yyyy)
+            s #1 #3 substring$ "10." =
+              { }
+              { "unrecognized DOI substring " s * " in DOI value [" * doi * "]" * warning$ }
+            if$
+
+            s   % push the stripped DOI on the output stack
+
+        }
+        {
+          "unrecognized DOI value [" doi * "]" * warning$
+          doi   % push the unrecognized original DOI on the output stack
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+%
+% Change by BV: added standard prefix to URL
+%
+FUNCTION { output.doi } % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty DOI as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+  doi empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    {
+      %% Use \urldef here for the same reason it is used in output.url,
+      %% see output.url for further discussion.
+      "\urldef\tempurl%" writeln
+      "\url{https://doi.org/" strip.doi * "}" * writeln
+      "\showDOI{\tempurl}" writeln
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.isbn }                % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty ISBN-10 and/or ISBN-13 as one-line sentences (stack untouched)
+  show-isbn-10-and-13
+    {
+      %% show both 10- and 13-digit ISBNs
+      isbn empty.or.unknown
+        { }
+        {
+          "\showISBNx{" isbn * "}" * writeln
+        }
+      if$
+      isbn-13 empty.or.unknown
+        { }
+        {
+          "\showISBNxiii{" isbn-13 * "}" * writeln
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    {
+      %% show 10-digit ISBNs only if 13-digit ISBNs not available
+      isbn-13 empty.or.unknown
+        {
+          isbn empty.or.unknown
+            { }
+            {
+              "\showISBNx{" isbn * "}" * writeln
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        {
+          "\showISBNxiii{" isbn-13 * "}" * writeln
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issn } % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty ISSN as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+  issn empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\showISSN{" issn * "}" * writeln }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue }
+{ % output non-empty issue number as a one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+  issue empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "Issue " issue * "." * writeln }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.lccn } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack untouched
+  lccn empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\showLCCN{" lccn * "}" * writeln }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.note } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack empty
+  note empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\shownote{" note add.period$ * "}" * writeln }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.note.check } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack empty
+  note empty.or.unknown
+    { "empty note in " cite$ * warning$ }
+    { "\shownote{" note add.period$ * "}" * writeln }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.eprint } %
+{ % return with stack empty
+  eprint empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\showeprint"
+         archiveprefix empty.or.unknown
+           { eprinttype empty.or.unknown
+               { }
+               { "[" eprinttype "]" * * * }
+             if$
+           }
+           { "[" archiveprefix "l" change.case$ "]" * * * }
+         if$
+	 "{" eprint "}" * * *
+         primaryclass empty.or.unknown
+           { eprintclass empty.or.unknown
+             { }
+             { "~[" eprintclass "]" * * * }
+             if$
+           }
+           { "~[" primaryclass "]" * * * }
+         if$
+         writeln
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+
+%
+% Changes by BV 2011/04/15.  Do not output
+% url if doi is defined
+%
+FUNCTION { output.url } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack untouched
+  % output URL and associated lastaccessed fields
+  doi empty.or.unknown
+  {
+    url empty.or.unknown
+      { }
+      {
+          %% Use \urldef, outside \showURL, so that %nn, #, etc in URLs work
+          %% correctly.  Put the actual URL on its own line to reduce the
+          %% likelihood of BibTeX's nasty line wrapping after column 79.
+          %% \url{} can undo this, but if that doesn't work for some reason
+          %% the .bbl file would have to be repaired manually.
+          "\urldef\tempurl%" writeln
+          "\url{" url * "}" * writeln
+
+          "\showURL{%" writeln
+          lastaccessed empty.or.unknown
+            { "" }
+            { "Retrieved " lastaccessed * " from " * }
+          if$
+          "\tempurl}" * writeln
+      }
+      if$
+  }
+  { }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.year.check }
+{ % warn if year empty, output top string and leave " YEAR<label>" on stack in mid-sentence
+  year empty.or.unknown
+     { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$
+       write$
+       " \bibinfo{year}{[n.d.]}"
+       "\natexlab{" extra.label * "}" * *
+       mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+     }
+     { write$
+       " \bibinfo{year}{" year * "}"  *
+       "\natexlab{" extra.label * "}" * *
+       mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+     }
+  if$
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { le }
+{
+  %% test whether first number is less than or equal to second number
+  %% stack in:  n1 n2
+  %% stack out: if n1 <= n2 then 1 else 0
+
+  %% "DEBUG: le " cite$ * warning$
+  > { #0 } { #1 } if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { ge }
+{
+  %% test whether first number is greater than or equal to second number
+  %% stack in:  n1 n2
+  %% stack out: if n1 >= n2 then 1 else 0
+
+  %% "DEBUG: ge " cite$ * warning$
+  < { #0 } { #1 } if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { is.leading.digit }
+{
+  %% test whether first character of string is a digit
+  %% stack in:  string
+  %% stack out: if first-char-is-digit then 1 else 0
+
+  #1 #1 substring$                      % replace string by string[1:1]
+  duplicate$                            % string[1:1] string[1:1]
+  chr.to.int$
+  "0" chr.to.int$ swap$ le              % "0" <= string[1:1] --> 0-or-1
+  swap$                                 % 0-or-1 string[1:1]
+  chr.to.int$
+  "9" chr.to.int$ le                    % string[1:1} <= "9" --> 0-or-1
+  and
+}
+
+FUNCTION { skip.digits }
+{
+  %% skip over leading digits in string
+  %% stack in:  string
+  %% stack out: rest-of-string leading-digits
+
+  %% "DEBUG: enter skip.digits " cite$ * warning$
+
+  %% dump.stack.1
+
+  duplicate$
+  't :=
+  't.org :=
+  "" 'u :=
+
+  { t text.length$ }
+  {
+    %% "=================DEBUG: skip.digits   t = [" t * "]" * warning$
+    t is.leading.digit
+      { t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ }
+      {
+        t 'u :=
+        ""
+      }
+    if$
+    't :=
+  }
+  while$
+
+  u                                                             % rest of string
+  t.org #1 t.org text.length$ u text.length$ - substring$       % leading digits
+
+  %% "DEBUG: t.org = [" t.org * "]" * warning$
+  %% "DEBUG: u     = [" u * "]" * warning$
+
+  %% dump.stack.2
+
+  %% "DEBUG: leave skip.digits " cite$ * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { skip.nondigits }
+{
+  %% skip over leading nondigits in string
+  %% stack in:  string
+  %% stack out: rest-of-string
+
+  %% "DEBUG: enter skip.nondigits " cite$ * warning$
+
+  't :=
+  "" 'u :=
+
+  { t text.length$ }
+  {
+    %% "=================DEBUG: skip.nondigits   t = [" t * "]" * warning$
+    t is.leading.digit
+      {
+        t 'u :=
+        ""
+      }
+      { t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ }
+    if$
+    't :=
+  }
+  while$
+
+  u                     % rest of string
+
+  %% dump.stack.1
+  %% "DEBUG: leave skip.nondigits " cite$ * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { parse.next.number }
+{
+  %% stack in:  string
+  %% stack out: rest-of-string next-numeric-part-of-string
+  %% Example:
+  %% stack in:  "123:1--123:59"
+  %% stack out: ":1--123:59" "123"
+
+  's :=
+  s skip.nondigits 's :=
+  s skip.digits
+}
+
+FUNCTION { reduce.pages.to.page.count }
+{
+  %% Stack in:  arbitrary-and-unused
+  %% Stack out: unchanged
+  %%
+  %% For the new-style pagination with article number and numpages or
+  %% pages, we expect to have BibTeX entries containing something like
+  %%     articleno = "17",
+  %%     pages     = "1--23",
+  %% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
+  %% or
+  %%     articleno = "17",
+  %%     numpages  = "23",
+  %% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
+  %% or
+  %%     articleno = "17",
+  %%     pages     = "17:1--17:23",
+  %% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
+  %%
+  %% If articleno is missing or empty, then we should output "1--23",
+  %% "23" (with a warning of a missing articleno), or "17:1--17:23",
+  %% respectively.
+
+  %% "DEBUG: enter reduce.pages.to.page.count " cite$ * warning$
+
+  %% "DEBUG: pages = [" pages * "]" * warning$
+
+  pages
+  parse.next.number 'p1 :=
+  parse.next.number 'p2 :=
+  parse.next.number 'p3 :=
+  parse.next.number 'page.count :=
+
+  duplicate$
+  empty.or.unknown
+    {  }
+    {
+      duplicate$ "unexpected trailing garbage [" swap$ *
+      "] after n:p1--n:p2 in pages = [" *
+      pages *
+      "] in " *
+      cite$ *
+      warning$
+    }
+  if$
+
+  pop$
+
+  %% "DEBUG: reduce.pages.to.page.count: "
+  %% " p1 = " p1 * *
+  %% " p2 = " p2 * *
+  %% " p3 = " p3 * *
+  %% " p4 = " page.count * *
+  %% " in " cite$ * * warning$
+
+  p1 p3 =   p2 "1" =   and   numpages empty.or.unknown   and
+    { "INFO: reduced pages = [" pages * "] to numpages = [" * page.count * "]" * warning$ }
+    {
+      numpages empty.or.unknown
+        { pages }
+        { numpages }
+      if$
+      'page.count :=
+    }
+  if$
+
+  p1 "1" =   p3 empty.or.unknown   and   numpages empty.or.unknown   and
+    {
+      p2 'page.count :=
+      "INFO: reduced pages = [" pages * "] to numpages = [" * page.count * "]" * warning$
+    }
+    {
+      numpages empty.or.unknown
+        { pages }
+        { numpages }
+      if$
+      'page.count :=
+    }
+  if$
+
+  %% "DEBUG: leave reduce.pages.to.page.count " cite$ * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { new.block.checkb }
+{ % issue a new.block only if at least one of top two stack strings is not empty
+  empty.or.unknown
+  swap$ empty.or.unknown
+  and
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { field.or.null }
+{ % convert empty value to null string, else return value
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    { pop$ "" }
+    'skip$
+  if$
+}
+
+
+
+FUNCTION { emphasize }
+{ % emphasize a non-empty top string on the stack
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    { pop$ "" }
+    { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { comma }
+{ % convert empty string to null string, or brace string and add trailing comma
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    { pop$ "" }
+    { "{" swap$ * "}," * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.names }
+{
+  % Format bibliographical entries with the first author last name first,
+  % and subsequent authors with initials followed by last name.
+  % All names are formatted in this routine.
+
+  's :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=               % nameptr = 1;
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=    % numnames = num.name$(s);
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { nameptr #1 =
+        %NO: BAD ORDER: {"{" s nameptr "{ff~}{ll}{, jj}{, vv}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+        %NO: BAD ORDER: {"{" s nameptr "{ff~}{ll}{, jj}{, vv}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+        {"\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+        {"\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              numnames #2 >
+                { "," * }
+                'skip$
+              if$
+              t "\bibinfo{person}{others}" =
+                { " {et~al\mbox{.}}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+                { " {and} " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=          % nameptr += 1;
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=      % namesleft =- 1;
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { my.full.label }
+{
+  's :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=               % nameptr = 1;
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=    % numnames = num.name$(s);
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+
+    { s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't :=  % get the next name
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              numnames #2 >
+                { "," * }
+                'skip$
+              if$
+              t "others" =
+                { " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+                { " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=          % nameptr += 1;
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=      % namesleft =- 1;
+    }
+  while$
+
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.names.fml }
+{
+  % Format names in "familiar" format, with first initial followed by
+  % last name. Like format.names, ALL names are formatted.
+  % jtb: The names are NOT put in small caps
+
+  's :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=               % nameptr = 1;
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=    % numnames = num.name$(s);
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+
+    {
+      "\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't :=
+
+      nameptr #1 >
+        {
+          namesleft #1 >
+            { ", " * t * }
+            {
+              numnames #2 >
+                { "," * }
+                'skip$
+              if$
+              t "\bibinfo{person}{others}" =
+                { " {et~al\mbox{.}}" * }
+                { " {and} " * t * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        't
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=          % nameptr += 1;
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=      % namesleft =- 1;
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.authors }
+{
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    {
+      "\bibfield{author}{"
+      author format.names add.period$ * "}" *} % jtb: add period if none before
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.key }
+{
+  empty.or.unknown
+    { key field.or.null }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.no.key }
+{
+  empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.editors.fml }
+{
+  % Format editor names for use in the "in" types: inbook, incollection,
+  % inproceedings: first initial, then last names. When editors are the
+  % LABEL for an entry, then format.editor is used which lists editors
+  % by last name first.
+
+  editor empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    {
+      "\bibfield{editor}{"
+      editor format.names.fml
+      *  "}" *
+      editor num.names$ #1 >
+        { " (Eds.)" * }
+        { " (Ed.)" * }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.editors }
+{ % format editor names for use in labels, last names first.
+  editor empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    {
+      "\bibfield{editor}{"
+      editor format.names
+      *  "}" *
+      editor num.names$ #1 >
+        { " (Eds.)." * }
+        { " (Ed.)." * }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.articletitle }
+{
+  title empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    % Use this to preserve lettercase in titles:
+    { "\showarticletitle{" title * "}" * }
+    % Use this for downcase title style:
+    % { \showarticletitle{" title "t" change.case$ * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.title }
+{
+  title empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    % Use this to preserve lettercase in titles:
+    { "\bibinfo{title}{" title * "}" * }
+    % Use this for downcase title style:
+    % { title "t" change.case$ }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { n.dashify }
+{
+  't :=
+  ""
+    { t empty.or.unknown not }
+    {
+      t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+        {
+          t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+            { "--" *
+              t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+            }
+            {
+              { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+              {
+                "-" *
+                t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+              }
+              while$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+        {
+          t #1 #1 substring$ *
+          t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.a.title.with.edition }
+{
+  "\bibinfo{booktitle}{"
+  swap$ emphasize *
+  edition empty.or.unknown
+    'skip$
+    { " (\bibinfo{edition}{" * edition "l" change.case$ *
+      "} ed.)" * } % jtb: no parens for ed.
+  if$
+  "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.btitle }
+{ title format.a.title.with.edition }
+
+FUNCTION { format.emphasize.booktitle }
+{ booktitle format.a.title.with.edition }
+
+
+
+FUNCTION { format.city }
+{
+  % jtb: if the preceding string (the title of the conference) is non-empty,
+  % jtb: append the location, otherwise leave empty (so as to trigger the
+  % jtb: error message in output.check
+
+  duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    {
+      city empty.or.unknown location empty.or.unknown and
+        {
+          date empty.or.unknown
+            { }
+            { " (" * date * ")" * }
+          if$
+        }
+        {
+          location empty.or.unknown
+            {
+              date empty.or.unknown
+                { " (" * city * ")" * }
+                { " (" * city * ", " * date * ")" * }
+              if$
+            }
+            {
+              date empty.or.unknown
+                { " (" * location * ")" * }
+                { " (" * location * ", " * date * ")" * }
+              if$
+            }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { tie.or.space.connect }
+{
+  duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+    { "~" }
+    { " " }
+  if$
+  swap$ * *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { either.or.check }
+{
+  empty.or.unknown
+    'pop$
+    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.bvolume }
+{
+  % jtb: If there is a series, this is added and the volume trails after it.
+  % jtb: Otherwise, "Vol" is Capitalized.
+
+  volume empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    {
+      series empty.or.unknown
+        { "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * *}
+        { "\bibinfo{series}{" series "}, " * *
+          "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * * *}
+      if$
+      "volume and number" number either.or.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.bvolume.noseries }
+{
+  volume empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    { "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * *
+      "volume and number" number either.or.check
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.series }
+{
+  series empty.or.unknown
+    {""}
+    {" \emph{(\bibinfo{series}{" * series "}" *
+     volume empty.or.unknown
+       {
+         number empty.or.unknown
+            {")}" *}
+            {", \bibinfo{number}{" number "})}" * * *}
+          if$
+       }
+       {", Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "})}" * * *
+        "volume and number" number either.or.check
+       }
+     if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.number.series }
+{
+  volume empty.or.unknown
+    {
+      number empty.or.unknown
+        {
+          volume empty.or.unknown
+          { "" }
+          {
+            series empty.or.unknown
+              { "" }
+              { " (\bibinfo{series}{" series * "})" * }
+            if$
+          }
+          if$
+        }                                       %    { series field.or.null }
+        {
+          output.state mid.sentence =
+            { "Number" }                        % gnp - changed to mixed case always
+            { "Number" }
+          if$
+          number tie.or.space.connect series empty.or.unknown
+            { "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
+            { " in \bibinfo{series}{" * series * "}" * }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    {
+      ""
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { multi.page.check }
+{
+  't :=
+  #0 'multiresult :=
+    { multiresult not
+      t empty.or.unknown not
+      and
+    }
+    { t #1 #1 substring$
+      duplicate$ "-" =
+      swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+      swap$ "+" =
+      or or
+    { #1 'multiresult := }
+    { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+      if$
+    }
+  while$
+  multiresult
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.pages }
+{
+  pages empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    { "\bibinfo{pages}{"
+      pages multi.page.check
+        { pages n.dashify } % gnp - removed () % jtb: removed pp.
+        { pages }
+      if$
+      * "}" *
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.pages.check.without.articleno }
+{ %% format pages field only if articleno is absent
+  %% Stack out: pages-specification
+  numpages missing$ pages missing$ and
+    { "page numbers missing in both pages and numpages fields in " cite$ * warning$ }
+    { }
+  if$
+
+  articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+    {
+      pages missing$
+        { numpages }
+        { format.pages }
+      if$
+    }
+    { "" }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.pages.check }
+{
+  pages empty.or.unknown
+    { "page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$ "" }
+    { pages n.dashify }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.bookpages }
+{
+  bookpages empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    { bookpages "book pages" tie.or.space.connect }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.named.pages }
+{
+  pages empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    { format.pages "pages" tie.or.space.connect }
+  if$
+}
+
+%
+% Changed by Boris Veytsman, 2011-03-13
+% Now the word "pages" is printed even if
+% there field pages is not empty.
+%
+
+FUNCTION { format.page.count }
+{
+  page.count empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    { "\bibinfo{numpages}{" page.count * "}~pages" * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.articleno.numpages }
+{
+  %% There are seven possible outputs, depending on which fields are set.
+  %%
+  %% These four are handled here:
+  %%
+  %%     articleno, numpages, pages     -> "Article articleno-value, numpages-value pages"
+  %%     articleno, numpages            -> "Article articleno-value, numpages-value pages"
+  %%     articleno, pages               -> "Article articleno-value, reduced-pages-value pages"
+  %%     articleno                      -> "Article articleno-value" and warn about missing numpages
+  %%
+  %% The remaining three have already been handled by
+  %% format.pages.check.without.articleno:
+  %%
+  %%     numpages, pages                -> "pages-value"
+  %%     numpages                       -> "numpages-value"
+  %%     pages                          -> "pages-value"
+  %%
+  %% We no longer issue warninig when missing articleno, but having numpages
+
+  articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+    {
+%%      numpages empty.or.unknown
+%%        { }
+%%        { "numpages field, but no articleno or eid field, in "
+%%          cite$ * warning$ }
+%%      if$
+      ""
+    }
+    {
+      numpages empty.or.unknown
+        {
+          pages empty.or.unknown
+            {
+              "articleno or eid, but no pages or numpages field in "
+                 cite$ * warning$
+              "" 'page.count :=
+            }
+            { reduce.pages.to.page.count }
+          if$
+        }
+        { numpages 'page.count := }
+      if$
+
+      %% The Article number is now handled in format.day.month.year because
+      %% ACM prefers the style "Digital Libraries 12, 3, Article 5 (July 2008)"
+      %% over "Digital Libraries 12, 3 (July 2008), Article 5"
+      %% format.articleno output
+      format.page.count
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.format.page.count}
+{
+  numpages empty.or.unknown
+   {
+     pages empty.or.unknown
+        {
+        "" 'page.count :=
+        }
+        { reduce.pages.to.page.count }
+     if$
+   }
+   { numpages 'page.count := }
+  if$
+  format.page.count
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { journal.canon.abbrev }
+{
+  % Returns a canonical abbreviation for 'journal', or else 'journal'
+  % unchanged.
+  journal "ACM Computing Surveys"                                                                       = { "Comput. Surveys"                                 } {
+  journal "{ACM} Computing Surveys"                                                                     = { "Comput. Surveys"                                 } {
+  journal "ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"                                                   = { "ACM Trans. Math. Software"                       } {
+  journal "{ACM} Transactions on Mathematical Software"                                                 = { "ACM Trans. Math. Software"                       } {
+  journal "ACM SIGNUM Newsletter"                                                                       = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett."                            } {
+  journal "ACM {SIGNUM} Newsletter"                                                                     = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett."                            } {
+  journal "{ACM} SIGNUM Newsletter"                                                                     = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett."                            } {
+  journal "{ACM} {SIGNUM} Newsletter"                                                                   = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett."                            } {
+  journal "American Journal of Sociology"                                                               = { "Amer. J. Sociology"                              } {
+  journal "American Mathematical Monthly"                                                               = { "Amer. Math. Monthly"                             } {
+  journal "American Mathematical Society Translations"                                                  = { "Amer. Math. Soc. Transl."                        } {
+  journal "Applied Mathematics and Computation"                                                         = { "Appl. Math. Comput."                             } {
+  journal "British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology"                                  = { "Brit. J. Math. Statist. Psych."                  } {
+  journal "Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society"                                               = { "Bull. Amer. Math. Soc."                          } {
+  journal "Canadian Mathematical Bulletin"                                                              = { "Canad. Math. Bull."                              } {
+  journal "Communications of the ACM"                                                                   = { "Commun. ACM"                                     } {
+  journal "Communications of the {ACM}"                                                                 = { "Commun. ACM"                                     } {
+  journal "Computers and Structures"                                                                    = { "Comput. \& Structures"                           } {
+  journal "Contemporary Mathematics"                                                                    = { "Contemp. Math."                                  } {
+  journal "Crelle's Journal"                                                                            = { "Crelle's J."                                     } {
+  journal "Giornale di Mathematiche"                                                                    = { "Giorn. Mat."                                     } {
+  journal "IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems"                                       = { "IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems"         } {
+  journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems"                                     = { "IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems"         } {
+  journal "IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"                                                      = { "IEEE Trans. Automat. Control"                    } {
+  journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Automatic Control"                                                    = { "IEEE Trans. Automat. Control"                    } {
+  journal "IEEE Transactions on Computers"                                                              = { "IEEE Trans. Comput."                             } {
+  journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Computers"                                                            = { "IEEE Trans. Comput."                             } {
+  journal "IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis"                                                           = { "IMA J. Numer. Anal."                             } {
+  journal "{IMA} Journal of Numerical Analysis"                                                         = { "IMA J. Numer. Anal."                             } {
+  journal "Information Processing Letters"                                                              = { "Inform. Process. Lett."                          } {
+  journal "International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering"                                  = { "Internat. J. Numer. Methods Engrg."              } {
+  journal "International Journal of Control"                                                            = { "Internat. J. Control"                            } {
+  journal "International Journal of Supercomputing Applications"                                        = { "Internat. J. Supercomputing Applic."             } {
+  journal "Journal of Computational Physics"                                                            = { "J. Comput. Phys."                                } {
+  journal "Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics"                                            = { "J. Comput. Appl. Math."                          } {
+  journal "Journal of Computer and System Sciences"                                                     = { "J. Comput. System Sci."                          } {
+  journal "Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications"                                           = { "J. Math. Anal. Appl."                            } {
+  journal "Journal of Mathematical Physics"                                                             = { "J. Math. Phys."                                  } {
+  journal "Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing"                                               = { "J. Parallel and Distrib. Comput."                } {
+  journal "Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards"                                     = { "J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards"                     } {
+  journal "Journal of VLSI and Computer Systems"                                                        = { "J. VLSI Comput. Syst."                           } {
+  journal "Journal of {VLSI} and Computer Systems"                                                      = { "J. VLSI Comput. Syst."                           } {
+  journal "Journal of the ACM"                                                                          = { "J. ACM"                                          } {
+  journal "Journal of the American Statistical Association"                                             = { "J. Amer. Statist. Assoc."                        } {
+  journal "Journal of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications"                                = { "J. Inst. Math. Appl."                            } {
+  journal "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"                               = { "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math."                     } {
+  journal "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Series B, Numerical Analysis" = { "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math. Ser. B Numer. Anal." } {
+  journal "Linear Algebra and its Applications"                                                         = { "Linear Algebra Appl."                            } {
+  journal "Mathematica Scandinavica"                                                                    = { "Math. Scand."                                    } {
+  journal "Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation"                                           = { "Math. Tables Aids Comput."                       } {
+  journal "Mathematics of Computation"                                                                  = { "Math. Comp."                                     } {
+  journal "Mathematische Annalen"                                                                       = { "Math. Ann."                                      } {
+  journal "Numerische Mathematik"                                                                       = { "Numer. Math."                                    } {
+  journal "Pacific Journal of Mathematics"                                                              = { "Pacific J. Math."                                } {
+  journal "Parallel Computing"                                                                          = { "Parallel Comput."                                } {
+  journal "Philosophical Magazine"                                                                      = { "Philos. Mag."                                    } {
+  journal "Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society"                                            = { "Proc. Amer. Math. Soc."                          } {
+  journal "Proceedings of the IEEE"                                                                     = { "Proc. IEEE"                                      } {
+  journal "Proceedings of the {IEEE}"                                                                   = { "Proc. IEEE"                                      } {
+  journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA"                                  = { "Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."                  } {
+  journal "Quarterly Journal of Mathematics, Oxford, Series (2)"                                        = { "Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2)"                 } {
+  journal "Quarterly of Applied Mathematics"                                                            = { "Quart. Appl. Math."                              } {
+  journal "Review of the International Statisical Institute"                                            = { "Rev. Inst. Internat. Statist."                   } {
+  journal "SIAM Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods"                                              = { "SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods"              } {
+  journal "{SIAM} Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods"                                            = { "SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods"              } {
+  journal "SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics"                                                         = { "SIAM J. Appl. Math."                             } {
+  journal "{SIAM} Journal on Applied Mathematics"                                                       = { "SIAM J. Appl. Math."                             } {
+  journal "SIAM Journal on Computing"                                                                   = { "SIAM J. Comput."                                 } {
+  journal "{SIAM} Journal on Computing"                                                                 = { "SIAM J. Comput."                                 } {
+  journal "SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications"                                            = { "SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl."                      } {
+  journal "{SIAM} Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications"                                          = { "SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl."                      } {
+  journal "SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis"                                                          = { "SIAM J. Numer. Anal."                            } {
+  journal "{SIAM} Journal on Numerical Analysis"                                                        = { "SIAM J. Numer. Anal."                            } {
+  journal "SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing"                                        = { "SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput."                   } {
+  journal "{SIAM} Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing"                                      = { "SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput."                   } {
+  journal "SIAM Review"                                                                                 = { "SIAM Rev."                                       } {
+  journal "{SIAM} Review"                                                                               = { "SIAM Rev."                                       } {
+  journal "Software Practice and Experience"                                                            = { "Software Prac. Experience"                       } {
+  journal "Statistical Science"                                                                         = { "Statist. Sci."                                   } {
+  journal "The Computer Journal"                                                                        = { "Comput. J."                                      } {
+  journal "Transactions of the American Mathematical Society"                                           = { "Trans. Amer. Math. Soc."                         } {
+  journal "USSR Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics"                                     = { "U. S. S. R. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys."       } {
+  journal "{USSR} Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics"                                   = { "U. S. S. R. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys."       } {
+  journal "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik"                                          = { "Z. Angew. Math. Mech."                           } {
+  journal "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Physik"                                            = { "Z. Angew. Math. Phys."                           } {
+  journal
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+  } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year }
+{
+  % By Young (and Spencer)
+  % GNP - fixed bugs with missing volume, number, and/or pages
+  %
+  % Format journal, volume, number, pages for article types.
+  %
+  journal empty.or.unknown
+    { "no journal in " cite$ * warning$ "" }
+    { "\bibinfo{journal}{"
+      journal.canon.abbrev emphasize *
+      "}" * }
+  if$
+
+  number empty.or.unknown
+    {
+      volume empty.or.unknown
+        { "no number and no volume in " cite$ * warning$ "" * }
+        { " " * " \bibinfo{volume}{" * volume * "}" * }
+      if$
+    }
+    {
+      volume empty.or.unknown
+        {
+          "unusual to have number, but no volume, for " cite$ * warning$
+          " \bibinfo{number}{" * number * "}" *
+        }
+        { " \bibinfo{volume}{" * volume  * "}, \bibinfo{number}{" *
+          number * "}" *}
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  after.block 'output.state :=
+
+  % Sometimes proceedings are published in journals
+  % In this case we do not want to put year, day and month here
+
+  type$ "inproceedings" =
+    { }
+    {format.day.month.year * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.chapter.pages }
+{
+  chapter empty.or.unknown
+    'format.pages
+    { type empty.or.unknown
+        { "Chapter" } % gnp - changed to mixed case
+        { type "t" change.case$ }
+      if$
+      chapter tie.or.space.connect
+      pages empty.or.unknown
+        {"page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$} % gnp - added check
+        { ", " * format.pages * }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.in.emphasize.booktitle }
+{ % jtb: format for collections or proceedings not appearing in a journal
+  booktitle empty.or.unknown
+  { "" }
+  { "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.in.booktitle }
+{ % jtb: format for proceedings appearing in a journal
+  booktitle empty.or.unknown
+  { "" }
+  { "In \bibinfo{booktitle}{" booktitle * "}" * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.in.ed.booktitle }
+{
+  booktitle empty.or.unknown
+  { "" }
+  { editor empty.or.unknown
+    { "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
+                % jtb: swapped editor location
+    { "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * ", " * format.editors.fml * }
+    if$
+  }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.thesis.type }
+{ % call with default type on stack top
+  type empty.or.unknown
+    'skip$    % use default type
+    {
+      pop$    % discard default type
+      % NO: it is silly to have to brace protect every degree type!:  type "t" change.case$
+      type
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.tr.number }
+{
+  "\bibinfo{type}{"
+  type empty.or.unknown
+    { "{T}echnical {R}eport" }
+    'type
+  if$
+  "}" * *
+  number empty.or.unknown
+    { "t" change.case$ }
+    %% LOOKS BAD: { "." * number tie.or.space.connect }
+    %% Prefer "Research report RJ687." to "Research report. RJ687."
+    { number tie.or.space.connect }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.advisor }
+{
+  advisor empty.or.unknown
+    { "" }
+    { "Advisor(s) " advisor * }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.article.crossref }
+{ "See"
+  "\citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.crossref.editor }
+{
+  editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+  editor num.names$ duplicate$
+  #2 >
+    { pop$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * }         % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+    { #2 <
+    'skip$
+    { editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+        { " et~al\mbox{.}" * }          % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+        { " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
+      if$
+    }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.book.crossref }
+{
+  volume empty.or.unknown
+    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+      "In "
+    }
+    { "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect % gnp - changed to mixed case
+      " of " *
+    }
+  if$
+  editor empty.or.unknown
+  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+  or
+    { key empty.or.unknown
+    { series empty.or.unknown
+        { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+          crossref * warning$
+          "" *
+        }
+        { series emphasize * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { key * }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.crossref.editor * }
+  if$
+  " \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.incoll.inproc.crossref }
+{ "See"
+  " \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.lab.names }
+{
+  % format.lab.names:
+  %
+  % determines "short" names for the abbreviated author information.
+  % "Long" labels are created in calc.label, using the routine my.full.label
+  % to format author and editor fields.
+  %
+  % There are 4 cases for labels.   (n=3 in the example)
+  % a) one author             Foo
+  % b) one to n               Foo, Bar and Baz
+  % c) use of "and others"    Foo, Bar et al.
+  % d) more than n            Foo et al.
+
+  's :=
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames #2 >    % change number to number of others allowed before
+                   % forcing "et al".
+    { s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: \mbox{} added
+    {
+      numnames #1 - 'namesleft :=
+      #2 'nameptr :=
+      s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+        { namesleft #0 > }
+        { nameptr numnames =
+            { s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+                { " et~al\mbox{.}" * }          % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+                { " and " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
+              if$
+            }
+            { ", " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
+          if$
+          nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+          namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+        }
+      while$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.key.label }
+{
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { key empty.or.unknown
+          { "no key, author in " cite$ * warning$
+            cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+         'key
+      if$
+    }
+    { author format.lab.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { editor.key.organization.label }
+{ % added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if editor is null.
+  editor empty.or.unknown
+    { organization empty.or.unknown
+        { key empty.or.unknown
+            { "no key, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
+              cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+            'key
+          if$
+        }
+        { organization }
+      if$
+    }
+    { editor format.lab.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.key.label }
+{
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { editor empty.or.unknown
+          { key empty.or.unknown
+               { "no key, author, or editor in " cite$ * warning$
+                 cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+             'key
+           if$
+         }
+          { editor format.lab.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author format.lab.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.key.organization.label }
+{ % added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if author is null.
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { editor empty.or.unknown
+        { organization empty.or.unknown
+            { key empty.or.unknown
+               { "no key, author, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
+                 cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+               'key
+              if$
+            }
+            { organization }
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor format.lab.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author format.lab.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+% Calculate label and leave it on stack
+FUNCTION { calc.basic.label }
+{
+  type$ "book" =
+  type$ "inbook" =
+  or
+  type$ "article" =
+  or
+    'author.editor.key.label
+    { type$ "proceedings" =
+      type$ "periodical" =
+      or
+        'editor.key.organization.label
+        { type$ "manual" =
+            'author.editor.key.organization.label
+            'author.key.label
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  duplicate$
+  year empty.or.unknown
+    { "[n.d.]" }
+    { year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$}
+  if$
+  *
+  'basic.label.year :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { calc.label }
+{
+  % Changed - GNP. See also author.editor.organization.sort, editor.organization.sort
+  % Form label for BibTeX entry. The classification of which fields are used
+  % for which type of entry (book, inbook, etc.) are taken from alpha.bst.
+  % The change here from newapa is to also include organization as a
+  % citation label if author or editor is missing.
+
+  calc.basic.label
+
+  author empty.or.unknown  % generate the full label citation information.
+    {
+      editor empty.or.unknown
+        {
+          organization empty.or.unknown
+            {
+              key empty.or.unknown
+                {
+                  "no author, editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+                  "??"
+                }
+                { key }
+              if$
+            }
+            { organization }
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor my.full.label }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author my.full.label }
+  if$
+
+  % leave label on the stack, to be popped when required.
+
+  "}{" * swap$ * "}{" *
+  %  year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ *
+  %
+  % save the year for sort processing afterwards (adding a, b, c, etc.)
+  %
+  year empty.or.unknown
+    { "[n.d.]" }
+    { year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$}
+  if$
+  'label.year :=
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { output.bibitem }
+{
+  newline$
+  "\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{" write$
+  calc.label write$
+  sort.year write$
+  "}]%" writeln
+  "        {" write$
+  cite$ write$
+  "}" writeln
+  ""
+  before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint }
+{ % enter and return with stack empty
+  %% We switch now from buffered output to output of complete lines, so
+  %% that the Issue .. URL data have their own lines, and are less likely
+  %% to be line-wrapped by BibTeX's short-sighted algorithm, which wraps
+  %% lines longer than 79 characters, backtracking to what it thinks is
+  %% a break point in the string.  Any such wrapping MUST be undone to
+  %% prevent percent-newline from appearing in DOIs and URLs.  The
+  %% output data are intentionally wrapped in \showxxx{} macros at
+  %% beginning of line, and that supply their own punctuation (if they
+  %% are not defined to suppress output entirely), to make it easier for
+  %% other software to recover them from .bbl files.
+  %%
+  %% It also makes it possible to later change the macro definitions
+  %% to suppress particular output values, or alter their appearance.
+  %%
+  %% Note that it is possible for theses, technical reports, and
+  %% manuals to have ISBNs, and anything that has an ISBN may also
+  %% have an ISSN.  When there are no values for these keys, there
+  %% is no output generated for them here.
+
+  "\newblock" writeln
+  after.block 'output.state :=
+
+  output.issue
+  output.isbn
+  output.coden  % CODEN is functionally like ISSN, so output them sequentially
+  output.issn
+  output.lccn
+  output.doi    % DOI is ALWAYS last according to CrossRef DOI documentation
+  output.eprint
+  output.url    % but ACM wants URL last
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note }
+{ % enter with stack empty, return with empty string on stack
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint
+  note empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    {
+      "\newblock" writeln
+      output.note
+    }
+  if$
+  ""
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note.check }
+{ % enter with stack empty, return with empty string on stack
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint
+  note empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    {
+      "\newblock" writeln
+      output.note.check
+    }
+  if$
+  ""
+}
+
+FUNCTION { article }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    {
+      editor empty.or.unknown
+        { "neither author and editor supplied for " cite$ * warning$ }
+        { format.editors "editor" output.check }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.authors "author" output.check }
+  if$
+
+  author format.no.key output       % added
+  output.year.check                 % added
+  new.block
+  format.articletitle "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  howpublished empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
+  if$
+
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output}
+    {
+      "cross reference in @Article{...} is unusual" warning$
+      format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+
+  format.pages.check.without.articleno output
+  format.articleno.numpages output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { book }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      crossref missing$
+        { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+        'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  output.year.check       % added
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    { new.sentence              % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
+      format.bvolume output
+      new.block
+      format.number.series output
+      new.sentence
+      publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
+      address "address" bibinfo.output.check    % jtb: require address
+      fin.sentence
+      pages empty.or.unknown
+        { format.bookpages }    % use bookpages when pages empty
+        { format.pages.check "pages" tie.or.space.connect }
+      if$
+      output
+    }
+    { new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { booklet }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors output
+  author format.key output          % added
+  output.year.check                 % added
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  new.block
+    howpublished empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
+  if$
+  address output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { inbook }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { format.editors
+      "author and editor" output.check
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull
+      crossref missing$
+    { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+    'skip$
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  output.year.check                 % added
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  crossref missing$
+    { new.sentence              % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
+      format.bvolume output
+      new.block
+      format.number.series output
+      new.sentence
+      publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
+      address "address" bibinfo.output.check    % jtb: require address
+      format.bookpages output
+      format.chapter.pages
+      "chapter and pages" output.check  % jtb: moved from before publisher
+    }
+    {
+      format.bookpages output
+      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+      new.block
+      format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+    }
+  if$
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { incollection }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output       % added
+  output.year.check              % added
+  new.block
+  format.articletitle "title" output.check
+  new.block
+  crossref missing$
+    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+      new.sentence                % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
+      format.bvolume output
+      format.number.series output
+      new.sentence
+      publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
+      address "address" bibinfo.output.check      % jtb: require address
+      format.bookpages output
+      format.chapter.pages output % gnp - was special.output.nonnull
+                                  % left out comma before page numbers
+                                  % jtb: moved from before publisher
+    }
+    {
+      format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.chapter.pages output
+    }
+  if$
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { inproceedings }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output            % added
+  output.year.check                   % added
+  new.block
+  format.articletitle "title" output.check
+  howpublished empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output.dot.space }
+  if$
+  crossref missing$
+    {
+      journal missing$          % jtb: proceedings appearing in journals
+        { format.in.emphasize.booktitle format.city "booktitle"  output.check.dot.space
+          format.series output.removenospace
+          format.editors.fml output % BV 2011/09/27 Moved dot to comma
+          series empty.or.unknown
+              { format.bvolume.noseries output }
+              {}
+          if$
+          new.sentence
+          organization output
+          publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require publisher (?)
+          address "address" bibinfo.output.check  % jtb: require address
+          format.bookpages output
+        }
+        {
+           format.in.booktitle format.city "booktitle" output.check
+           format.editors.fml output
+           new.sentence
+           format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output
+        }
+      if$
+      format.articleno output
+      format.pages.check.without.articleno output
+    }
+    {
+      format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+      format.articleno output
+      format.pages.check.without.articleno output
+    }
+  if$
+  format.articleno.numpages output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { conference } { inproceedings }
+
+FUNCTION { manual }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { editor empty.or.unknown
+      { organization "organization" output.check
+        organization format.key output }  % if all else fails, use key
+      { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
+      if$
+    }
+    { format.authors output.nonnull }
+    if$
+  output.year.check                 % added
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  organization address new.block.checkb
+  % jtb: back to normal style: organization, address
+  organization "organization" output.check
+  address output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { mastersthesis }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output          % added
+  output.year.check                 % added
+  new.block
+  format.title emphasize "title" output.check  % NB: ACM style requires emphasized thesis title
+  new.block
+  "\bibinfo{thesistype}{Master's\ thesis}" format.thesis.type output
+  new.sentence
+  school "school" bibinfo.output.check
+  address empty.or.unknown
+     { }
+     { "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  format.advisor output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { misc }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output            % added
+  output.year.check                   % added
+  title howpublished new.block.checkb
+  format.title output
+  new.block
+  howpublished empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
+  if$
+  "" output.nonnull.dot.space
+  calc.format.page.count output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { online } { manual }
+
+FUNCTION { game } { manual }
+
+FUNCTION { artifactsoftware } { manual }
+
+FUNCTION { artifactdataset } { manual }
+
+FUNCTION { software } { manual }
+
+FUNCTION { dataset } { manual }
+
+FUNCTION { phdthesis }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output          % added
+  output.year.check                 % added
+  new.block
+  format.title emphasize "title" output.check  % NB: ACM style requires emphasized thesis title
+  new.block
+  "\bibinfo{thesistype}{Ph.D. Dissertation}" format.thesis.type output
+  new.sentence
+  school "school" bibinfo.output.check
+  address empty.or.unknown
+     { }
+     { "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  format.advisor output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{ year empty.or.unknown
+    { month empty.or.unknown
+        {
+          ""                    % output empty date if year/month both empty
+          day empty.or.unknown
+            {  }
+            { "there's a day but no month or year in " cite$ * warning$ }
+          if$
+        }
+        { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$
+          month
+          day empty.or.unknown
+            { }
+            { " " * day * }
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+    { month empty.or.unknown
+        {
+          year                  % output only year if month empty
+          day empty.or.unknown
+            {  }
+            { "there's a day and year but no month in " cite$ * warning$ }
+          if$
+        }
+        {
+          month " " *
+          day empty.or.unknown
+            { }
+            { day * ", " * }
+          if$
+          year *
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
+{
+  empty.or.unknown
+    'skip$
+    'new.block
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { periodical }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  editor empty.or.unknown
+    { organization output }
+    { format.editors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  new.block
+  output.year.check
+  new.sentence
+  format.articletitle "title" output.check
+  format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output
+  calc.format.page.count output
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { proceedings }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  editor empty.or.unknown
+    { organization output
+      organization format.key output }  % gnp - changed from author format.key
+    { format.editors output.nonnull }
+  if$
+  % author format.key output             % gnp - removed (should be either
+  %                                        editor or organization
+  output.year.check                    % added (newapa)
+  new.block
+  format.btitle format.city "title" output.check        % jtb: added city
+  new.sentence
+  format.bvolume output
+  format.number.series output
+  new.sentence
+  organization output
+  % jtb: normal order: publisher, address
+  publisher empty.or.unknown
+     { }
+     { "\bibinfo{publisher}{" publisher * "}" * output }
+  if$
+  address empty.or.unknown
+     { }
+     { "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
+  if$
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { collection } { proceedings }
+
+FUNCTION { techreport }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors "author" output.check
+  author format.key output             % added
+  output.year.check                    % added
+  new.block
+  format.btitle "title" output.check
+  new.block
+%   format.tr.number output               % jtb: moved month ...
+  format.tr.number output new.sentence    % Gerry  - need dot 2011/09/28
+  institution "institution" bibinfo.output.check
+  address empty.or.unknown
+    { }
+    { "\bibinfo{address}{" address "}" * * output }
+  if$
+  new.sentence
+  format.named.pages output
+  % ACM omits year at end in transactions style
+  % format.day.month.year output.nonnull.dot.space  % jtb: ... to here (no parens)
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { unpublished }
+{
+  output.bibitem
+  format.authors
+  "author" output.check
+  author format.key output              % added
+  output.year.check                     % added
+  new.block
+  format.title "title" output.check
+  fin.sentence
+  output.day.month.year                 % UTAH
+  calc.format.page.count output
+  fin.block
+  output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note.check
+  fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { default.type } { misc }
+
+%%% ACM journal-style month definitions: full name if 1--5 letters, else
+%%% abbreviation of 3 or 4 characters and a dot
+
+MACRO {jan}             {"Jan."}
+
+MACRO {feb}             {"Feb."}
+
+MACRO {mar}             {"March"}
+
+MACRO {apr}             {"April"}
+
+MACRO {may}             {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun}             {"June"}
+
+MACRO {jul}             {"July"}
+
+MACRO {aug}             {"Aug."}
+
+MACRO {sep}             {"Sept."}
+
+MACRO {oct}             {"Oct."}
+
+MACRO {nov}             {"Nov."}
+
+MACRO {dec}             {"Dec."}
+
+
+
+READ
+
+FUNCTION { sortify }
+{
+  purify$
+  "l" change.case$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { chop.word }
+{
+  's :=
+  'len :=
+  s #1 len substring$ =
+    { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
+    's
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { sort.format.names }
+{
+  's :=
+  #1 'nameptr :=
+  ""
+  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+  numnames 'namesleft :=
+    { namesleft #0 > }
+    { nameptr #1 >
+          { "   " * }
+         'skip$
+      if$
+      s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{  f{ }}{  jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
+      nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
+          { " et~al" * }
+          { t sortify * }
+      if$
+      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+    }
+  while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { sort.format.title }
+{
+  't :=
+  "A " #2
+    "An " #3
+      "The " #4 t chop.word
+    chop.word
+  chop.word
+  sortify
+  #1 global.max$ substring$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.sort }
+{
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    { key empty.or.unknown
+         { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
+           "" }
+         { key sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.sort }
+{
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    {
+      editor empty.or.unknown
+         {
+           key empty.or.unknown
+             { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+               ""
+             }
+             { key sortify }
+           if$
+         }
+         { editor sort.format.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { editor.organization.sort }
+{
+  % added - GNP. Stack editor or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
+  % Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
+
+  editor empty.or.unknown
+    { organization empty.or.unknown
+        { key empty.or.unknown
+            { "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+              ""
+            }
+            { key sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { organization sortify }
+      if$
+    }
+    { editor sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.organization.sort }
+{
+  % added - GNP. Stack author or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
+  % Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
+
+  author empty.or.unknown
+    {
+      editor empty.or.unknown
+        { organization empty.or.unknown
+            { key empty.or.unknown
+                { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+                ""
+                }
+                { key sortify }
+              if$
+            }
+            { organization sortify }
+          if$
+        }
+        { editor sort.format.names }
+      if$
+    }
+    { author sort.format.names }
+  if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { presort }
+{
+  % Presort creates the bibentry's label via a call to calc.label, and then
+  % sorts the entries based on entry type. Chicago.bst adds support for
+  % including organizations as the sort key; the following is stolen from
+  % alpha.bst.
+
+  calc.label
+  basic.label.year
+  swap$
+  "    "
+  swap$
+  * *
+  "    "
+  *
+  sortify
+  year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
+  "    "
+  *
+  type$ "book" =
+  type$ "inbook" =
+  or
+  type$ "article" =
+  or
+    'author.editor.sort
+    { type$ "proceedings" =
+      type$ "periodical" =
+      or
+        'editor.organization.sort
+        { type$ "manual" =
+            'author.editor.organization.sort
+            'author.sort
+          if$
+        }
+      if$
+    }
+  if$
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$        % added for newapa
+  'sort.label :=                  % added for newapa
+  sort.label                      % added for newapa
+  *
+  "    "
+  *
+  title field.or.null
+  sort.format.title
+  *
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$
+  'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+
+
+ITERATE { presort }
+
+SORT             % by label, year, author/editor, title
+
+% From plainnat.bst
+STRINGS { longest.label }
+
+INTEGERS { longest.label.width number.label }
+
+FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
+{ "" 'longest.label :=
+  #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
+  "" 'next.extra :=
+  #0 'longest.label.width :=
+  #0 'last.extra.num :=
+  #0 'number.label :=
+}
+
+
+
+FUNCTION { initialize.extra.label.stuff }
+{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
+  "" 'next.extra :=
+  #0 'last.extra.num :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { forward.pass }
+{
+  % Pass through all entries, comparing current entry to last one.
+  % Need to concatenate year to the stack (done by calc.label) to determine
+  % if two entries are the same (see presort)
+
+  last.label
+  calc.basic.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$ =     % are they equal?
+     { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
+       last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
+     }
+     { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
+       "" 'extra.label :=
+       calc.basic.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
+       #1 entry.max$ substring$ 'last.label := % assign to last.label
+     }
+  if$
+  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { reverse.pass }
+{
+  next.extra "b" =
+    { "a" 'extra.label := }
+     'skip$
+  if$
+  label.year extra.label * 'sort.year :=
+  extra.label 'next.extra :=
+}
+
+EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
+EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
+
+
+ITERATE {forward.pass}
+
+REVERSE {reverse.pass}
+
+FUNCTION { bib.sort.order }
+{
+  sort.label
+  "    "
+  *
+  year field.or.null sortify
+  *
+  "    "
+  *
+  title field.or.null
+  sort.format.title
+  *
+  #1 entry.max$ substring$
+  'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+ITERATE { bib.sort.order }
+
+SORT             % by sort.label, year, title --- giving final bib. order.
+
+FUNCTION { begin.bib }
+{
+  %% Set to #0 show 13-digit ISBN in preference to 10-digit ISBN.
+  %% Set to #1 to show both 10-digit and 13-digit ISBNs.
+  #1 'show-isbn-10-and-13 :=
+
+  "%%% -*-BibTeX-*-" writeln
+  "%%% Do NOT edit. File created by BibTeX with style" writeln
+  "%%% ACM-Reference-Format-Journals [18-Jan-2012]." writeln
+  "" writeln
+
+  preamble$ empty.or.unknown
+    'skip$
+    { preamble$ writeln }
+  if$
+  "\begin{thebibliography}{" number.label int.to.str$ * "}" * writeln
+  ""                                                                         writeln
+  "%%% ====================================================================" writeln
+  "%%% NOTE TO THE USER: you can override these defaults by providing"       writeln
+  "%%% customized versions of any of these macros before the \bibliography"  writeln
+  "%%% command.  Each of them MUST provide its own final punctuation,"       writeln
+  "%%% except for \shownote{}, \showDOI{}, and \showURL{}.  The latter two"  writeln
+  "%%% do not use final punctuation, in order to avoid confusing it with"    writeln
+  "%%% the Web address."                                                     writeln
+  "%%%"                                                                      writeln
+  "%%% To suppress output of a particular field, define its macro to expand" writeln
+  "%%% to an empty string, or better, \unskip, like this:"                   writeln
+  "%%%"                                                                      writeln
+  "%%% \newcommand{\showDOI}[1]{\unskip}   % LaTeX syntax"                   writeln
+  "%%%"                                                                      writeln
+  "%%% \def \showDOI #1{\unskip}           % plain TeX syntax"               writeln
+  "%%%"                                                                      writeln
+  "%%% ====================================================================" writeln
+  ""                                                                         writeln
+
+  %% ACM publications do not use CODEN, ISSN, and LCCN data, so their default
+  %% macro wrappers expand to \unskip, discarding their values and unwanted
+  %% space.
+  %%
+  %% For other publications, prior definitions like these may be useful:
+  %%
+  %%     Plain TeX:
+  %%         \def \showCODEN     #1{CODEN #1.}
+  %%         \def \showISSN      #1{ISSN #1.}
+  %%         \def \showLCCN      #1{LCCN #1.}
+  %%
+  %%     LaTeX:
+  %%         \newcommand{\showCODEN}[1]{CODEN #1.}
+  %%         \newcommand{\showISSN}[1]#1{ISSN #1.}
+  %%         \newcommand{\showLCCN}[1]{LCCN #1.}
+
+  "\ifx \showCODEN    \undefined \def \showCODEN     #1{\unskip}     \fi" writeln
+  "\ifx \showDOI      \undefined \def \showDOI       #1{#1}\fi" writeln
+  % ACM styles omit ISBNs, but they can be included by suitable definitions of
+  % \showISBNx and \showISBNxiii before the .bbl file is read
+  "\ifx \showISBNx    \undefined \def \showISBNx     #1{\unskip}     \fi" writeln
+  "\ifx \showISBNxiii \undefined \def \showISBNxiii  #1{\unskip}     \fi" writeln
+  "\ifx \showISSN     \undefined \def \showISSN      #1{\unskip}     \fi" writeln
+  "\ifx \showLCCN     \undefined \def \showLCCN      #1{\unskip}     \fi" writeln
+  "\ifx \shownote     \undefined \def \shownote      #1{#1}          \fi" writeln % NB: final period supplied by add.period$ above
+  "\ifx \showarticletitle \undefined \def \showarticletitle #1{#1}   \fi" writeln
+  "\ifx \showURL      \undefined \def \showURL       {\relax}        \fi" writeln
+  "% The following commands are used for tagged output and should be " writeln
+  "% invisible to TeX" writeln
+  "\providecommand\bibfield[2]{#2}" writeln
+  "\providecommand\bibinfo[2]{#2}" writeln
+  "\providecommand\natexlab[1]{#1}" writeln
+  "\providecommand\showeprint[2][]{arXiv:#2}" writeln
+}
+
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+
+FUNCTION { end.bib }
+{
+  newline$
+  "\end{thebibliography}"
+  writeln
+}
+
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
diff --git a/acmart.cls b/acmart.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..239698b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/acmart.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,2959 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `acmart.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% acmart.dtx  (with options: `class')
+%% 
+%% IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+%% 
+%% For the copyright see the source file.
+%% 
+%% Any modified versions of this file must be renamed
+%% with new filenames distinct from acmart.cls.
+%% 
+%% For distribution of the original source see the terms
+%% for copying and modification in the file acmart.dtx.
+%% 
+%% This generated file may be distributed as long as the
+%% original source files, as listed above, are part of the
+%% same distribution. (The sources need not necessarily be
+%% in the same archive or directory.)
+%% \CharacterTable
+%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
+%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
+%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
+%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
+%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
+%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
+%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
+%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
+%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
+%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
+%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesClass{acmart}
+[2020/04/30 v1.71 Typesetting articles for the Association for Computing Machinery]
+\def\@classname{acmart}
+\InputIfFileExists{acmart-preload-hook.tex}{%
+  \ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+    I am loading acmart-preload-hook.tex. You are fully responsible
+    for any problems from now on.}}{}
+\RequirePackage{xkeyval}
+\RequirePackage{xstring}
+\RequirePackage{iftex}
+\define@choicekey*+{acmart.cls}{format}[\ACM@format\ACM@format@nr]{%
+  manuscript, acmsmall, acmlarge, acmtog, sigconf, siggraph,
+  sigplan, sigchi, sigchi-a}[manuscript]{}{%
+  \ClassError{\@classname}{The option format must be manuscript,
+    acmsmall, acmlarge, acmtog, sigconf, siggraph,
+    sigplan, sigchi or sigchi-a}}
+\def\@DeclareACMFormat#1{\DeclareOptionX{#1}{\setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=#1}}}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{manuscript}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmsmall}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmlarge}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmtog}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigconf}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{siggraph}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigplan}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigchi}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigchi-a}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{format}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{screen}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@screen
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using screen mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option screen can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{screen=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{urlbreakonhyphens}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@urlbreakonhyphens
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using breaking urls on hyphens}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not breaking urls on hyphens}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option urlbreakonhyphens can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{urlbreakonhyphens=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{acmthm}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@acmthm
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Requiring acmthm}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing acmthm}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option acmthm can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{acmthm=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{review}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@review
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using review mode}%
+    \AtBeginDocument{\@ACM@printfoliostrue}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using review mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option review can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{review=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{authorversion}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@authorversion
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using authorversion mode}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using authorversion mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option authorversion can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{authorversion=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{nonacm}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@nonacm
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using nonacm mode}%
+    \AtBeginDocument{\@ACM@printacmreffalse}%
+    % in 'nonacm' mode we disable the "ACM Reference Format"
+    % printing by default, but this can be re-enabled by the
+    % user using \settopmatter{printacmref=true}
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using nonacm mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option nonacm can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{nonacm=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{balance}[true]{}{%
+  \PackageError{\@classname}{The option balance can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{balance}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{natbib}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@natbib
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Explicitly selecting natbib mode}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Explicitly deselecting natbib mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option natbib can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{natbib=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{anonymous}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@anonymous
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using anonymous mode}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using anonymous mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option anonymous can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{anonymous=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{timestamp}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@timestamp
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using timestamp mode}%
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using timestamp mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option timestamp can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{timestamp=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{authordraft}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@authordraft
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using authordraft mode}%
+    \@ACM@timestamptrue
+    \@ACM@reviewtrue
+  \else
+    \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using authordraft mode}%
+  \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option authordraft can be either true or
+    false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{authordraft=false}
+\def\ACM@fontsize{}
+\DeclareOptionX{9pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{10pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{11pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{12pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{draft}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{amsart}}
+\DeclareOptionX{*}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{amsart}}
+\ProcessOptionsX
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using format \ACM@format, number \ACM@format@nr}
+\newif\if@ACM@manuscript
+\newif\if@ACM@journal
+\newif\if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+\newif\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=5\relax % siggraph
+\ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+  The format siggraph is now obsolete.\MessageBreak
+  I am switching to sigconf.}
+  \setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=sigconf}
+\fi
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=7\relax % sigchi
+\ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+  The format sigchi is now obsolete.\MessageBreak
+  I am switching to sigconf.}
+  \setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=sigconf}
+\fi
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=8\relax % sigchi
+\ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+  ACM SIGCHI has retired the SIGCHI-A template\MessageBreak
+  effective immediately. ACM is keeping this template\MessageBreak
+  option available to authors who are working on legacy\MessageBreak
+  documents only. ACM will not, under any circumstances,\MessageBreak
+  accept documents in this format for publication and\MessageBreak
+  will not offer technical support to the authors who use\MessageBreak
+  this template.\MessageBreak
+  ACM SIGCHI is directing Conference leaders and\MessageBreak
+  authors to publish their articles using the SIGCONF\MessageBreak
+  template call.}
+\fi
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=0\relax
+  \@ACM@manuscripttrue
+\else
+  \@ACM@manuscriptfalse
+\fi
+\@ACM@sigchiamodefalse
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+  \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmsmall
+  \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmlarge
+  \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmtog
+  \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % sigconf
+  \@ACM@journalfalse
+\or % siggraph
+  \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \or % sigplan
+  \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \or % sigchi
+  \@ACM@journalfalse
+\or % sigchi-a
+  \@ACM@journalfalse
+  \@ACM@sigchiamodetrue
+\fi
+\if@ACM@journal
+ \@ACM@journal@bibstriptrue
+\else
+ \@ACM@journal@bibstripfalse
+\fi
+\ifx\ACM@fontsize\@empty
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+  \or % acmsmall
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+  \or % acmlarge
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+  \or % acmtog
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+  \or % sigconf
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+  \or % siggraph
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+   \or % sigplan
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+   \or % sigchi
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+  \or % sigchi-a
+    \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+  \fi
+\fi
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using fontsize \ACM@fontsize}
+\LoadClass[\ACM@fontsize, reqno]{amsart}
+\RequirePackage{microtype}
+\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+\RequirePackage{booktabs}
+\RequirePackage{refcount}
+\RequirePackage{totpages}
+\RequirePackage{environ}
+\if@ACM@manuscript
+\RequirePackage{setspace}
+\onehalfspacing
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{textcase}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+  \RequirePackage{natbib}
+  \renewcommand{\bibsection}{%
+     \section*{\refname}%
+     \phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}%
+  }
+  \renewcommand{\bibfont}{\bibliofont}
+  \renewcommand\setcitestyle[1]{
+  \@for\@tempa:=#1\do
+  {\def\@tempb{round}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \renewcommand\NAT@open{(}\renewcommand\NAT@close{)}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{square}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \renewcommand\NAT@open{[}\renewcommand\NAT@close{]}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{angle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \renewcommand\NAT@open{$<$}\renewcommand\NAT@close{$>$}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{curly}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \renewcommand\NAT@open{\{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{\}}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{semicolon}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{colon}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{comma}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \renewcommand\NAT@sep{,}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{authoryear}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \NAT@numbersfalse\fi
+   \def\@tempb{numbers}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \NAT@numberstrue\NAT@superfalse\fi
+   \def\@tempb{super}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \NAT@numberstrue\NAT@supertrue\fi
+   \def\@tempb{nobibstyle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \let\bibstyle=\@gobble\fi
+   \def\@tempb{bibstyle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \let\bibstyle=\@citestyle\fi
+   \def\@tempb{sort}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \def\NAT@sort{\@ne}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{nosort}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \def\NAT@sort{\z@}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{compress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \def\NAT@cmprs{\@ne}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{nocompress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \def\NAT@cmprs{\z@}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{sort&compress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \def\NAT@sort{\@ne}\def\NAT@cmprs{\@ne}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{mcite}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \let\NAT@merge\@ne\fi
+   \def\@tempb{merge}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \@ifnum{\NAT@merge<\tw@}{\let\NAT@merge\tw@}{}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{elide}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \@ifnum{\NAT@merge<\thr@@}{\let\NAT@merge\thr@@}{}\fi
+   \def\@tempb{longnamesfirst}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \NAT@longnamestrue\fi
+   \def\@tempb{nonamebreak}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     \def\NAT@nmfmt#1{\mbox{\NAT@up#1}}\fi
+   \expandafter\NAT@find@eq\@tempa=\relax\@nil
+   \if\@tempc\relax\else
+     \expandafter\NAT@rem@eq\@tempc
+     \def\@tempb{open}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+      \xdef\NAT@open{\@tempc}\fi
+     \def\@tempb{close}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+      \xdef\NAT@close{\@tempc}\fi
+     \def\@tempb{aysep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+      \xdef\NAT@aysep{\@tempc}\fi
+     \def\@tempb{yysep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+      \xdef\NAT@yrsep{\@tempc}\fi
+     \def\@tempb{notesep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+      \xdef\NAT@cmt{\@tempc}\fi
+     \def\@tempb{citesep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+      \xdef\NAT@sep{\@tempc}\fi
+   \fi
+  }%
+  \NAT@@setcites
+  }
+  \renewcommand\citestyle[1]{%
+    \ifcsname bibstyle@#1\endcsname%
+    \csname bibstyle@#1\endcsname\let\bibstyle\@gobble%
+    \else%
+    \@latex@error{Undefined `#1' citestyle}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+\fi
+\newcommand{\bibstyle@acmauthoryear}{%
+  \setcitestyle{%
+    authoryear,%
+    open={[},close={]},citesep={;},%
+    aysep={},yysep={,},%
+    notesep={, }}}
+\newcommand{\bibstyle@acmnumeric}{%
+  \setcitestyle{%
+    numbers,sort&compress,%
+    open={[},close={]},citesep={,},%
+    notesep={, }}}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+\citestyle{acmnumeric}
+\fi
+\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+  \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
+  \par
+  \@tempskipa #4\relax
+  \@afterindenttrue
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
+    \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
+  \fi
+  \if@nobreak
+    \everypar{}%
+  \else
+    \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
+  \fi
+  \@ifstar
+    {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
+    {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+  \edef\@toclevel{\ifnum#2=\@m 0\else\number#2\fi}%
+  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+    \let\@svsec\@empty
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#1}%
+    \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+  \fi
+  \@tempskipa #5\relax
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+    \begingroup
+      #6{%
+        \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+          \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+    \endgroup
+    \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+    \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+        \@tochangmeasure{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+    \fi
+    \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+      \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+        \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+      \fi
+      #7}%
+  \else
+    \def\@svsechd{%
+      #6{\hskip #3\relax
+      \@svsec #8}%
+      \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+      \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+        \@tochangmeasure{\csname the#1\endcsname\space}%
+      \fi
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+        \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+          \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+        \fi
+        #7}}%
+  \fi
+  \@xsect{#5}}
+\def\@xsect#1{%
+  \@tempskipa #1\relax
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+    \par \nobreak
+    \vskip \@tempskipa
+    \@afterheading
+  \else
+    \@nobreakfalse
+    \global\@noskipsectrue
+    \everypar{%
+      \if@noskipsec
+        \global\@noskipsecfalse
+       {\setbox\z@\lastbox}%
+        \clubpenalty\@M
+        \begingroup \@svsechd \endgroup
+        \unskip
+        \@tempskipa #1\relax
+        \hskip -\@tempskipa
+      \else
+        \clubpenalty \@clubpenalty
+        \everypar{}%
+      \fi}%
+  \fi
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\quad}
+\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{%
+  \@tempskipa #3\relax
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+    \begingroup
+      #4{%
+        \@hangfrom{\hskip #1}%
+          \interlinepenalty \@M #5\@@par}%
+    \endgroup
+  \else
+    \def\@svsechd{#4{\hskip #1\relax #5}}%
+  \fi
+  \@xsect{#3}}
+\def\@starttoc#1#2{\begingroup\makeatletter
+  \setTrue{#1}%
+  \par\removelastskip\vskip\z@skip
+  \@startsection{section}\@M\z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}%
+    {.5\linespacing}{\centering\contentsnamefont}{#2}%
+  \@input{\jobname.#1}%
+  \if@filesw
+    \@xp\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+    \immediate\@xp\openout\csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+  \fi
+  \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup
+  \addvspace{32\p@\@plus14\p@}%
+}
+\def\l@section{\@tocline{1}{0pt}{1pc}{2pc}{}}
+\def\l@subsection{\@tocline{2}{0pt}{1pc}{3pc}{}}
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@tocline{3}{0pt}{1pc}{5pc}{}}
+\def\@makefntext{\noindent\@makefnmark}
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\long\def\@footnotetext#1{\marginpar{%
+    \reset@font\small
+    \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
+    \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
+       \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark
+    }%
+    \color@begingroup
+      \@makefntext{%
+        \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
+    \color@endgroup}}%
+\fi
+\long\def\@mpfootnotetext#1{%
+  \global\setbox\@mpfootins\vbox{%
+    \unvbox\@mpfootins
+    \reset@font\footnotesize
+    \hsize\columnwidth
+    \@parboxrestore
+    \protected@edef\@currentlabel
+         {\csname p@mpfootnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
+    \color@begingroup\centering
+      \@makefntext{%
+        \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
+    \color@endgroup}}
+\def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}
+\let\@footnotemark@nolink\@footnotemark
+\let\@footnotetext@nolink\@footnotetext
+\RequirePackage[bookmarksnumbered,unicode]{hyperref}
+\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{%
+  \def\addtocounter#1#2{}%
+  \def\unskip{}%
+  \def\textbullet{- }%
+  \def\textrightarrow{ -> }%
+  \def\footnotemark{}%
+}
+\urlstyle{rm}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+  \urlstyle{sf}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+  \urlstyle{sf}
+\fi
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+  \if@ACM@urlbreakonhyphens
+    \def\do@url@hyp{\do\-}%
+  \fi
+  \if@ACM@screen
+    \hypersetup{colorlinks,
+      linkcolor=ACMPurple,
+      citecolor=ACMPurple,
+      urlcolor=ACMDarkBlue,
+      filecolor=ACMDarkBlue}
+    \else
+    \hypersetup{hidelinks}
+  \fi
+  \hypersetup{pdflang={en},
+    pdfdisplaydoctitle}}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+  \let\citeN\cite
+  \let\cite\citep
+  \let\citeANP\citeauthor
+  \let\citeNN\citeyearpar
+  \let\citeyearNP\citeyear
+  \let\citeNP\citealt
+  \DeclareRobustCommand\citeA
+     {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse
+       \let\NAT@ctype\@ne\NAT@partrue\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@open\NAT@citetp}%
+  \providecommand\newblock{}%
+\else
+  \AtBeginDocument{%
+    \let\shortcite\cite%
+    \providecommand\citename[1]{#1}}
+\fi
+\newcommand\shortcite[2][]{%
+  \ifNAT@numbers\cite[#1]{#2}\else\citeyearpar[#1]{#2}\fi}
+\def\bibliographystyle#1{%
+  \ifx\@begindocumenthook\@undefined\else
+    \expandafter\AtBeginDocument
+  \fi
+    {\if@filesw
+       \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{#1}}%
+     \fi}}
+\RequirePackage{graphicx}
+\RequirePackage[prologue]{xcolor}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMBlue}{cmyk}{1,0.1,0,0.1}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMYellow}{cmyk}{0,0.16,1,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMOrange}{cmyk}{0,0.42,1,0.01}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMRed}{cmyk}{0,0.90,0.86,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMLightBlue}{cmyk}{0.49,0.01,0,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMGreen}{cmyk}{0.20,0,1,0.19}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMPurple}{cmyk}{0.55,1,0,0.15}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMDarkBlue}{cmyk}{1,0.58,0,0.21}
+\if@ACM@authordraft
+  \RequirePackage{draftwatermark}
+  \SetWatermarkFontSize{0.5in}
+  \SetWatermarkColor[gray]{.9}
+  \SetWatermarkText{\parbox{12em}{\centering
+      Unpublished working draft.\\
+      Not for distribution.}}
+\else
+  \if@ACM@sigchiamode
+    \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+      \RequirePackage{draftwatermark}
+      \SetWatermarkFontSize{0.5in}
+      \SetWatermarkColor[gray]{.9}
+      \SetWatermarkText{\parbox{12em}{\centering
+          Legacy document. \\
+          Not for publication in an ACM venue}}
+    \fi
+  \fi
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{geometry}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+   \geometry{letterpaper,head=13pt,
+   marginparwidth=6pc,heightrounded}%
+\or % acmsmall
+   \geometry{twoside=true,
+     includeheadfoot, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+     paperwidth=6.75in, paperheight=10in,
+     top=58pt, bottom=44pt, inner=46pt, outer=46pt,
+     marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+   }%
+\or % acmlarge
+   \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+     paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+     includeheadfoot,
+     top=78pt, bottom=114pt, inner=81pt, outer=81pt,
+     marginparwidth=4pc,heightrounded
+     }%
+\or % acmtog
+   \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+     paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+     includeheadfoot, columnsep=24pt,
+     top=52pt, bottom=75pt, inner=52pt, outer=52pt,
+     marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+     }%
+\or % sigconf
+   \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+     paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+     includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+     top=57pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+     marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+     }%
+\or % siggraph
+   \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+     paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+     includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+     top=57pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+     marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+     }%
+\or % sigplan
+   \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+     paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+     includeheadfoot=false, columnsep=2pc,
+     top=1in, bottom=1in, inner=0.75in, outer=0.75in,
+     marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+     }%
+\or % sigchi
+   \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+     paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+     includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+     top=66pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+     marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+     }%
+\or % sigchi-a
+   \geometry{twoside=false, head=13pt,
+     paperwidth=11in, paperheight=8.5in,
+     includeheadfoot, marginparsep=72pt,
+     marginparwidth=170pt, columnsep=20pt,
+     top=72pt, bottom=72pt, left=314pt, right=72pt
+     }%
+     \@mparswitchfalse
+     \reversemarginpar
+\fi
+\setlength\parindent{10\p@}
+\setlength\parskip{\z@}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+  \setlength\parindent{9\p@}%
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\setlength\normalparindent{\parindent}
+\def\copyrightpermissionfootnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+  \hrule \@width \columnwidth \kern 2.6\p@}
+\RequirePackage{manyfoot}
+\SelectFootnoteRule[2]{copyrightpermission}
+\DeclareNewFootnote{authorsaddresses}
+\SelectFootnoteRule[2]{copyrightpermission}
+\DeclareNewFootnote{copyrightpermission}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+  \hrule \@width 4pc \kern 2.6\p@}
+\def\endminipage{%
+    \par
+    \unskip
+    \ifvoid\@mpfootins\else
+      \vskip\skip\@mpfootins
+      \normalcolor
+      \unvbox\@mpfootins
+    \fi
+    \@minipagefalse
+  \color@endgroup
+  \egroup
+  \expandafter\@iiiparbox\@mpargs{\unvbox\@tempboxa}}
+\def\@textbottom{\vskip \z@ \@plus 1pt}
+\let\@texttop\relax
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+  \flushbottom
+\or % sigconf
+  \flushbottom
+\or % siggraph
+  \flushbottom
+\or % sigplan
+  \flushbottom
+\or % sigchi
+  \flushbottom
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{iftex}
+\ifPDFTeX
+\input{glyphtounicode}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f}{FB00}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f_i}{FB03}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f_l}{FB04}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_i}{FB01}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{t_t}{0074 0074}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_t}{0066 0074}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{T_h}{0054 0068}
+\pdfgentounicode=1
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{cmap}
+\newif\if@ACM@newfonts
+\@ACM@newfontstrue
+\IfFileExists{libertine.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+    have the libertine package installed.  Please upgrade your
+    TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\IfFileExists{zi4.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+    have the zi4 package installed.  Please upgrade your
+    TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\IfFileExists{newtxmath.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+    have the newtxmath package installed.  Please upgrade your
+    TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\if@ACM@newfonts
+  \RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}
+  \ifxetex
+    \RequirePackage[tt=false]{libertine}
+    \setmonofont[StylisticSet=3]{inconsolata}
+  \else
+    \ifluatex
+      \RequirePackage[tt=false]{libertine}
+      \setmonofont[StylisticSet=3]{inconsolata}
+    \else
+       \RequirePackage[tt=false, type1=true]{libertine}
+       \RequirePackage[varqu]{zi4}
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \RequirePackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
+\fi
+\let\liningnums\@undefined
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+  \DeclareTextFontCommand{\liningnums}{\libertineLF}}
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+  \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
+\fi
+\newif\if@Description@present
+\@Description@presenttrue
+\newif\if@undescribed@images
+\@undescribed@imagesfalse
+\newcommand\Description[2][]{\global\@Description@presenttrue\ignorespaces}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@undescribed@images
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{Some images may lack descriptions}\fi}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{figure}{\@Description@presentfalse
+  \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{figure*}{\@Description@presentfalse
+  \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtEndEnvironment{figure}{\if@Description@present\else
+  \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+  \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without description}\fi}
+\AtEndEnvironment{figure*}{\if@Description@present\else
+  \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+  \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without description}\fi}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{table}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{table*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{algorithm}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{algorithm*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{lstlisting}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{lstlisting*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+
+\RequirePackage{caption, float}
+\captionsetup[table]{position=top}
+\if@ACM@journal
+  \captionsetup{labelfont={sf, small},
+    textfont={sf, small}, margin=\z@}
+  \captionsetup[figure]{name={Fig.}}
+\else
+  \captionsetup{labelfont={bf},
+    textfont={bf}, labelsep=colon, margin=\z@}
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+  \or % acmsmall
+  \or % acmlarge
+  \or % acmtog
+  \or % sigconf
+  \or % siggraph
+    \captionsetup{textfont={it}}
+  \or % sigplan
+    \captionsetup{labelfont={bf},
+      textfont={normalfont}, labelsep=period, margin=\z@}
+  \or % sigchi
+    \captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf, small},
+      textfont={bf, small}}
+    \captionsetup[table]{labelfont={bf, small},
+      textfont={bf, small}}
+  \or % sigchi-a
+    \captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf, small},
+      textfont={bf, small}}
+    \captionsetup[table]{labelfont={bf, small},
+      textfont={bf, small}}
+  \fi
+\fi
+\newfloat{sidebar}{}{sbar}
+\floatname{sidebar}{Sidebar}
+\renewenvironment{sidebar}{\Collect@Body\@sidebar}{}
+\long\def\@sidebar#1{\bgroup\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig\captionsetup{type=sidebar}%
+  \marginpar{\small#1}\egroup}
+\newenvironment{marginfigure}{\Collect@Body\@marginfigure}{}
+\long\def\@marginfigure#1{\bgroup
+  \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+  \captionsetup{type=figure}%
+  \marginpar{\@Description@presentfalse\centering
+    \small#1\if@Description@present\else
+      \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+      \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without description}
+      \fi}%
+  \egroup}
+\newenvironment{margintable}{\Collect@Body\@margintable}{}
+\long\def\@margintable#1{\bgroup\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig\captionsetup{type=table}%
+  \marginpar{\centering\small#1}\egroup}
+\newdimen\fulltextwidth
+\fulltextwidth=\dimexpr(\textwidth+\marginparwidth+\marginparsep)
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\def\@dblfloat{\bgroup\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig\columnwidth=\fulltextwidth
+  \let\@endfloatbox\@endwidefloatbox
+  \def\@fpsadddefault{\def\@fps{tp}}%
+  \@float}
+\fi
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\def\end@dblfloat{%
+    \end@float\egroup}
+\fi
+\def\@endwidefloatbox{%
+  \par\vskip\z@skip
+  \@minipagefalse
+  \outer@nobreak
+  \egroup
+  \color@endbox
+  \global\setbox\@currbox=\vbox{\moveleft
+    \dimexpr(\fulltextwidth-\textwidth)\box\@currbox}%
+  \wd\@currbox=\textwidth
+}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\def\labelenumii{\theenumii.}
+\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\def\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newdimen\@ACM@labelwidth
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \setlength\labelsep{4pt}
+  \setlength{\@ACM@labelwidth}{6.5pt}
+
+  %% First-level list: when beginning after the first line of an
+  %% indented paragraph or ending before an indented paragraph, labels
+  %% should not hang to the left of the preceding/following text.
+  \setlength\leftmargini{\z@}
+  \addtolength\leftmargini{\parindent}
+  \addtolength\leftmargini{2\labelsep}
+  \addtolength\leftmargini{\@ACM@labelwidth}
+
+  %% Second-level and higher lists.
+  \setlength\leftmarginii{\z@}
+  \addtolength\leftmarginii{0.5\labelsep}
+  \addtolength\leftmarginii{\@ACM@labelwidth}
+  \setlength\leftmarginiii{\leftmarginii}
+  \setlength\leftmarginiv{\leftmarginiii}
+  \setlength\leftmarginv{\leftmarginiv}
+  \setlength\leftmarginvi{\leftmarginv}
+  \@listi}
+\newskip\listisep
+\listisep\smallskipamount
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+  \labelwidth\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \listparindent\z@
+  \topsep\listisep}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \topsep\z@skip}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginvi \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\renewcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\upshape\bfseries #1}
+\renewenvironment{description}{\list{}{%
+    \labelwidth\@ACM@labelwidth
+    \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}%
+}{
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\enddescription=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newif\if@ACM@maketitle@typeset
+\@ACM@maketitle@typesetfalse
+\define@choicekey*+{ACM}{acmJournal}[\@journalCode\@journalCode@nr]{%
+  CIE,%
+  CSUR,%
+  DGOV,%
+  DTRAP,%
+  HEALTH,%
+  IMWUT,%
+  JACM,%
+  JDIQ,%
+  JEA,%
+  JERIC,%
+  JETC,%
+  JOCCH,%
+  PACMCGIT,%
+  PACMHCI,%
+  PACMPL,%
+  POMACS,%
+  TAAS,%
+  TACCESS,%
+  TACO,%
+  TALG,%
+  TALLIP,%
+  TAP,%
+  TCPS,%
+  TDS,%
+  TEAC,%
+  TECS,%
+  TELO,%
+  THRI,%
+  TIIS,%
+  TIOT,%
+  TISSEC,%
+  TIST,%
+  TKDD,%
+  TMIS,%
+  TOCE,%
+  TOCHI,%
+  TOCL,%
+  TOCS,%
+  TOCT,%
+  TODAES,%
+  TODS,%
+  TOG,%
+  TOIS,%
+  TOIT,%
+  TOMACS,%
+  TOMM,%
+  TOMPECS,%
+  TOMS,%
+  TOPC,%
+  TOPS,%
+  TOPLAS,%
+  TOS,%
+  TOSEM,%
+  TOSN,%
+  TQC,%
+  TRETS,%
+  TSAS,%
+  TSC,%
+  TSLP,%
+  TWEB,%
+  FACMP%
+}{%
+\ifcase\@journalCode@nr
+\relax % CIE
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Computers in Entertainment}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Comput. Entertain.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1544-3574}%
+\or % CSUR
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Computing Surveys}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Comput. Surv.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{0360-0300}%
+\or % DGOV
+  \def\@journalName{Digital Government: Research and Practice}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{Digit. Gov. Res. Pract.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2639-0175}%
+\or % DTRAP
+  \def\@journalName{Digital Threats: Research and Practice}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{Digit. Threat. Res. Pract.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2576-5337}%
+\or % HEALTH
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Healthcare}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2637-8051}%
+\or % IMWUT
+  \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile,
+    Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2474-9567}%
+  \@ACM@screentrue
+  \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % JACM
+  \def\@journalName{Journal of the ACM}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{J. ACM}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{0004-5411}%
+\or % JDIQ
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Data and Information Quality}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Data Inform. Quality}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-1955}%
+\or % JEA
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Experimental Algorithmics}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Exp. Algor.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1084-6654}%
+\or % JERIC
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Educational Resources in Computing}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Edu. Resources in Comput.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1073-0516}%
+\or % JETC
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4832}%
+\or % JOCCH
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Comput. Cult. Herit.}%
+\or % PACMCGIT
+  \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Comput. Graph. Interact. Tech.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2577-6193}%
+  \@ACM@screentrue
+  \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % PACMHCI
+  \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2573-0142}%
+  \@ACM@screentrue
+  \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % PACMPL
+  \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Program. Lang.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2475-1421}%
+  \@ACM@screentrue
+  \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % POMACS
+  \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Meas. Anal. Comput. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2476-1249}%
+  \@ACM@screentrue
+  \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % TAAS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Autonom. Adapt. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1556-4665}%
+\or % TACCESS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Access. Comput.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-7228}%
+\or % TACO
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Arch. Code Optim.}%
+\or % TALG
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Algorithms}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Algor.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1549-6325}%
+\or % TALLIP
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2375-4699}%
+\or % TAP
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Applied Perception}%
+\or % TCPS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems}%
+\or % TDS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM/IMS Transactions on Data Science}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM/IMS Trans. Data Sci.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2577-3224}%
+\or % TEAC
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation}%
+\or % TECS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Embedd. Comput. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1539-9087}%
+\or % TELO
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Evolutionary Learning}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Evol. Learn.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2688-3007}%
+\or % THRI
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Hum.-Robot Interact.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2573-9522}%
+\or % TIIS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Interact. Intell. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2160-6455}%
+\or % TIOT
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Internet of Things}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Internet Things}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2577-6207}%
+\or % TISSEC
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Information and System Security}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Info. Syst. Sec.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1094-9224}%
+\or % TIST
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2157-6904}%
+\or % TKDD
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1556-4681}%
+\or % TMIS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Manag. Inform. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2158-656X}%
+\or % TOCE
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computing Education}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Educ.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1946-6226}%
+\or % TOCHI
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1073-0516}%
+\or % TOCL
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computational Logic}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Logic}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1529-3785}%
+\or % TOCS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computer Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{0734-2071}%
+\or % TOCT
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computation Theory}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Theory}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1942-3454}%
+\or % TODAES
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1084-4309}%
+\or % TODS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Database Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Datab. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{0362-5915}%
+\or % TOG
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Graphics}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Graph.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{0730-0301}
+\or % TOIS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Information Systems}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1046-8188}%
+\or % TOIT
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Internet Technology}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Internet Technol.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1533-5399}%
+\or % TOMACS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul.}%
+\or % TOMM
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1551-6857}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeTwo{0100}%
+\or % TOMPECS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Model. Perform. Eval. Comput. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2376-3639}%
+\or % TOMS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Math. Softw.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{0098-3500}%
+\or % TOPC
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Parallel Computing}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Parallel Comput.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1539-9087}%
+\or % TOPS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Priv. Sec.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2471-2566}%
+\or % TOPLAS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{0164-0925}%
+\or % TOS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Storage}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Storage}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1553-3077}%
+\or % TOSEM
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1049-331X}%
+\or % TOSN
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Sensor Netw.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4859}%
+\or % TQC
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Quantum Comput.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2643-6817}%
+\or % TRETS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Reconfig. Technol. Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-7406}%
+\or % TSAS
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Spatial Algorithms Syst.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2374-0353}%
+\or % TSC
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Social Computing}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Soc. Comput.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{2469-7818}%
+\or % TSLP
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Speech Lang. Process.}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4875}%
+\or % TWEB
+  \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on the Web}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Web}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{1559-1131}%
+\else % FACMP, a dummy journal
+  \def\@journalName{Forthcoming ACM Publication}%
+  \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Forthcoming}%
+  \def\@permissionCodeOne{XXXX-XXXX}%
+\fi
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using journal code \@journalCode}%
+}{%
+  \ClassError{\@classname}{Incorrect journal #1}%
+}%
+\def\acmJournal#1{\setkeys{ACM}{acmJournal=#1}%
+  \global\@ACM@journal@bibstriptrue}
+\def\@journalCode@nr{0}
+\def\@journalName{}%
+\def\@journalNameShort{\@journalName}%
+\def\@permissionCodeOne{XXXX-XXXX}%
+\def\@permissionCodeTwo{}%
+\newcommand\acmConference[4][]{%
+  \gdef\acmConference@shortname{#1}%
+  \gdef\acmConference@name{#2}%
+  \gdef\acmConference@date{#3}%
+  \gdef\acmConference@venue{#4}%
+  \ifx\acmConference@shortname\@empty
+    \gdef\acmConference@shortname{#2}%
+  \fi
+  \global\@ACM@journal@bibstripfalse
+}
+\if@ACM@journal\else
+\acmConference[Conference'17]{ACM Conference}{July 2017}{Washington,
+  DC, USA}%
+\fi
+\def\acmBooktitle#1{\gdef\@acmBooktitle{#1}}
+\acmBooktitle{Proceedings of \acmConference@name
+       \ifx\acmConference@name\acmConference@shortname\else
+         \ (\acmConference@shortname)\fi}
+\def\@editorsAbbrev{(Ed.)}
+\def\@acmEditors{}
+\def\editor#1{\ifx\@acmEditors\@empty
+    \gdef\@acmEditors{#1}%
+  \else
+    \gdef\@editorsAbbrev{(Eds.)}%
+    \g@addto@macro\@acmEditors{\and#1}%
+\fi}
+\def\subtitle#1{\def\@subtitle{#1}}
+\subtitle{}
+\newcount\num@authorgroups
+\num@authorgroups=0\relax
+\newcount\num@authors
+\num@authors=0\relax
+\newif\if@insideauthorgroup
+\@insideauthorgroupfalse
+\renewcommand\author[2][]{%
+  \IfSubStr{#2}{,}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{Do not put several
+      authors in the same \string\author\space macro!}}{}%
+  \global\advance\num@authors by 1\relax
+  \if@insideauthorgroup\else
+    \global\advance\num@authorgroups by 1\relax
+    \global\@insideauthorgrouptrue
+  \fi
+  \ifx\addresses\@empty
+    \if@ACM@anonymous
+      \gdef\addresses{\@author{Anonymous Author(s)%
+        \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\else\\Submission Id:
+          \@acmSubmissionID\fi}}%
+      \gdef\authors{Anonymous Author(s)}%
+    \else
+      \gdef\addresses{\@author{#2}}%
+      \gdef\authors{#2}%
+    \fi
+  \else
+    \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+      \g@addto@macro\addresses{\and\@author{#2}}%
+      \g@addto@macro\authors{\and#2}%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \if@ACM@anonymous
+    \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+      \gdef\shortauthors{Anon.
+        \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\else Submission Id:
+        \@acmSubmissionID\fi}%
+    \fi
+  \else
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+      \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+        \gdef\shortauthors{#2}%
+      \else
+        \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#2}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+      \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+        \gdef\shortauthors{#1}%
+      \else
+        \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#1}%
+      \fi
+    \fi
+  \fi}
+\newcommand{\affiliation}[2][]{%
+  \global\@insideauthorgroupfalse
+  \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+    \g@addto@macro\addresses{\affiliation{#1}{#2}}%
+  \fi}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@affiliation@}[@ACM@affiliation@]{obeypunctuation}%
+[true]{}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option obeypunctuation can be either true or false}}
+\def\additionalaffiliation#1{\authornote{\@additionalaffiliation{#1}}}
+\def\@additionalaffiliation#1{\bgroup
+  \def\position##1{\ignorespaces}%
+  \def\institution##1{##1\ignorespaces}%
+  \def\department{\@ifnextchar[{\@department}{\@department[]}}%
+  \def\@department[##1]##2{\unskip, ##2\ignorespaces}%
+  \let\streetaddress\position
+  \let\city\position
+  \let\state\position
+  \let\postcode\position
+  \let\country\position
+  Also with #1\unskip.\egroup}
+\renewcommand{\email}[2][]{%
+  \IfSubStr{#2}{,}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{Do not put several
+      addresses in the same \string\email\space macro!}}{}%
+  \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+    \g@addto@macro\addresses{\email{#1}{#2}}%
+  \fi}
+\def\orcid#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\def\authorsaddresses#1{\def\@authorsaddresses{#1}}
+\authorsaddresses{\@mkauthorsaddresses}
+\def\@titlenotes{}
+\def\titlenote#1{%
+  \g@addto@macro\@title{\footnotemark}%
+  \if@ACM@anonymous
+    \g@addto@macro\@titlenotes{%
+      \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{Title note}}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@titlenotes{\stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+  \fi}
+\def\@subtitlenotes{}
+\def\subtitlenote#1{%
+  \g@addto@macro\@subtitle{\footnotemark}%
+  \if@ACM@anonymous
+    \g@addto@macro\@subtitlenotes{%
+      \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{Subtitle note}}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@subtitlenotes{%
+      \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+  \fi}
+\def\@authornotes{}
+\def\authornote#1{%
+  \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+    \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@authornotemark}%
+    \g@addto@macro\@authornotes{%
+      \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+  \fi}
+\newcommand\authornotemark[1][\relax]{%
+  \ifx#1\relax\relax\relax
+  \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@authornotemark}%
+  \else
+  \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@@authornotemark{#1}}%
+  \fi}
+\def\acmVolume#1{\def\@acmVolume{#1}}
+\acmVolume{1}
+\def\acmNumber#1{\def\@acmNumber{#1}}
+\acmNumber{1}
+\def\acmArticle#1{\def\@acmArticle{#1}}
+\acmArticle{}
+\def\acmArticleSeq#1{\def\@acmArticleSeq{#1}}
+\acmArticleSeq{\@acmArticle}
+\def\acmYear#1{\def\@acmYear{#1}}
+\acmYear{\the\year}
+\def\acmMonth#1{\def\@acmMonth{#1}}
+\acmMonth{\the\month}
+\def\@acmPubDate{\ifcase\@acmMonth\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or
+  December\fi~\@acmYear}
+\def\acmPrice#1{\def\@acmPrice{#1}}
+\acmPrice{15.00}
+\def\acmSubmissionID#1{\def\@acmSubmissionID{#1}}
+\acmSubmissionID{}
+\def\acmISBN#1{\def\@acmISBN{#1}}
+\acmISBN{978-x-xxxx-xxxx-x/YY/MM}
+\def\acmDOI#1{\def\@acmDOI{#1}}
+\acmDOI{10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn}
+\newif\if@ACM@badge
+\@ACM@badgefalse
+\newlength\@ACM@badge@width
+\setlength\@ACM@badge@width{5pc}
+\newlength\@ACM@title@width
+\newlength\@ACM@badge@skip
+\setlength\@ACM@badge@skip{1pc}
+\newcommand\acmBadgeR[2][]{\@ACM@badgetrue
+  \def\@acmBadgeR@url{#1}%
+  \def\@acmBadgeR@image{#2}}
+\def\@acmBadgeR@url{}
+\def\@acmBadgeR@image{}
+\newcommand\acmBadgeL[2][]{\@ACM@badgetrue
+  \def\@acmBadgeL@url{#1}%
+  \def\@acmBadgeL@image{#2}}
+\def\@acmBadgeL@url{}
+\def\@acmBadgeL@image{}
+\def\startPage#1{\def\@startPage{#1}}
+\startPage{}
+\def\terms#1{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{The command \string\terms{} is
+    obsolete.  I am going to ignore it}}
+\def\keywords#1{\def\@keywords{#1}}
+\let\@keywords\@empty
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\ifx\@keywords\@empty
+  \ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}>2\relax
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{ACM keywords are mandatory
+    for papers over two pages}%
+  \fi\fi\fi}
+\renewenvironment{abstract}{\Collect@Body\@saveabstract}{}
+\long\def\@saveabstract#1{\if@ACM@maketitle@typeset
+  \ClassError{\@classname}{Abstract must be defined before maketitle
+    command. Please move it!}\fi
+  \long\gdef\@abstract{#1}}
+\@saveabstract{}
+\long\def\@lempty{}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printccs}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@printccs
+    \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing CCS}%
+  \else
+    \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing CCS}%
+  \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printccs can be either true or false}}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printacmref}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@printacmref
+    \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing bibformat}%
+  \else
+    \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing bibformat}%
+  \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printacmref can be either true or false}}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\if@ACM@printacmref\else
+  \ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}>1\relax
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{ACM reference format is mandatory
+    for papers over one page}%
+  \fi\fi\fi}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printfolios}[true]{%
+  \if@ACM@printfolios
+    \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing folios}%
+  \else
+    \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing folios}%
+  \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printfolios can be either true or false}}
+\define@cmdkey{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{authorsperrow}[0]{%
+  \IfInteger{#1}{\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Setting authorsperrow to
+      #1}}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{The parameter authorsperrow must be
+      numerical. Ignoring the input #1}\gdef\@ACM@authorsperrow{0}}}
+\def\settopmatter#1{\setkeys{@ACM@topmatter@}{#1}}
+\settopmatter{printccs=true, printacmref=true}
+\if@ACM@manuscript
+  \settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+\else
+  \if@ACM@journal
+    \settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+  \else
+    \settopmatter{printfolios=false}
+  \fi
+\fi
+\settopmatter{authorsperrow=0}
+\def\@received{}
+\newcommand\received[2][]{\def\@tempa{#1}%
+  \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+    \ifx\@received\@empty
+      \gdef\@received{Received #2}%
+    \else
+      \g@addto@macro{\@received}{; revised #2}%
+    \fi
+  \else
+    \ifx\@received\@empty
+      \gdef\@received{#1 #2}%
+    \else
+      \g@addto@macro{\@received}{; #1 #2}%
+    \fi
+  \fi}
+\AtEndDocument{%
+  \ifx\@received\@empty\else
+    \par\bigskip\noindent\small\normalfont\@received\par
+  \fi}
+\RequirePackage{comment}
+\excludecomment{CCSXML}
+\let\@concepts\@empty
+\newcounter{@concepts}
+\newcommand\ccsdesc[2][100]{%
+  \ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~~\ccsdesc@parse@end}
+\def\textrightarrow{$\rightarrow$}
+\def\ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~#3~{%
+  \stepcounter{@concepts}%
+  \expandafter\ifx\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname\relax
+    \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname{\textbullet\
+      \textbf{#2}}%
+    \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname{; }%
+    \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname{}%
+  \g@addto@macro{\@concepts}{\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname
+    \csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname
+    \csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname}%
+  \fi
+  \ifx#3\relax\relax\else
+    \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname{
+      \textrightarrow\ }%
+    \expandafter\g@addto@macro\expandafter{\csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname}{%
+     \addtocounter{@concepts}{-1}%
+     \ifnum#1>499\textbf{#3}\else
+     \ifnum#1>299\textit{#3}\else
+     #3\fi\fi\ifnum\value{@concepts}=0.\else; \fi}%
+  \fi
+\ccsdesc@parse@finish}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\ifx\@concepts\@empty\relax
+  \ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}>2\relax
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{CCS concepts are mandatory
+    for papers over two pages}%
+  \fi\fi\fi}
+\def\ccsdesc@parse@finish#1\ccsdesc@parse@end{}
+\newif\if@printcopyright
+\@printcopyrighttrue
+\newif\if@printpermission
+\@printpermissiontrue
+\newif\if@acmowned
+\@acmownedtrue
+\define@choicekey*{ACM@}{acmcopyrightmode}[%
+  \acm@copyrightinput\acm@copyrightmode]{none,%
+    acmcopyright,acmlicensed,rightsretained,%
+    usgov,usgovmixed,cagov,cagovmixed,licensedusgovmixed,%
+    licensedcagov,licensedcagovmixed,othergov,licensedothergov,%
+    iw3c2w3,iw3c2w3g}{%
+  \@printpermissiontrue
+  \@printcopyrighttrue
+  \@acmownedtrue
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=0\relax % none
+   \@printpermissionfalse
+   \@printcopyrightfalse
+   \@acmownedfalse
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=2\relax % acmlicensed
+   \@acmownedfalse
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=3\relax % rightsretained
+   \@acmownedfalse
+   \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=4\relax % usgov
+   \@printpermissiontrue
+   \@printcopyrightfalse
+   \@acmownedfalse
+   \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=6\relax % cagov
+   \@acmownedfalse
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=8\relax % licensedusgovmixed
+   \@acmownedfalse
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=9\relax % licensedcagov
+   \@acmownedfalse
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=10\relax % licensedcagovmixed
+   \@acmownedfalse
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=11\relax % othergov
+   \@acmownedtrue
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=12\relax % licensedothergov
+   \@acmownedfalse
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=13\relax % iw3c2w3
+   \@acmownedfalse
+   \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=14\relax % iw3c2w3g
+   \@acmownedfalse
+   \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+  \fi}
+\def\setcopyright#1{\setkeys{ACM@}{acmcopyrightmode=#1}}
+\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
+\def\@copyrightowner{%
+  \ifcase\acm@copyrightmode\relax % none
+  \or % acmcopyright
+  Association for Computing Machinery.
+  \or % acmlicensed
+  Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+  ACM\@.
+  \or % rightsretained
+  Copyright held by the owner/author(s).
+  \or % usgov
+  \or % usgovmixed
+  Association for Computing Machinery.
+  \or % cagov
+  Crown in Right of Canada.
+  \or %cagovmixed
+  Association for Computing Machinery.
+  \or %licensedusgovmixed
+  Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+  ACM\@.
+  \or % licensedcagov
+  Crown in Right of Canada. Publication rights licensed to
+  ACM\@.
+  \or %licensedcagovmixed
+  Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+  ACM\@.
+  \or % othergov
+  Association for Computing Machinery.
+  \or % licensedothergov
+  Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+  ACM\@.
+  \or % ic2w3www
+  IW3C2 (International World Wide Web Conference Committee), published
+  under Creative Commons CC-BY~4.0 License.
+  \or % ic2w3wwwgoogle
+  IW3C2 (International World Wide Web Conference Committee), published
+  under Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND~4.0 License.
+  \fi}
+\def\@formatdoi#1{\url{https://doi.org/#1}}
+\def\@copyrightpermission{%
+  \ifcase\acm@copyrightmode\relax % none
+  \or % acmcopyright
+   Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this
+   work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided
+   that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial
+   advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on
+   the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+   others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is
+   permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to
+   redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission
+   and\hspace*{.5pt}/or  a fee. Request permissions from
+   permissions@acm.org.
+  \or % acmlicensed
+   Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this
+   work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided
+   that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial
+   advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on
+   the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+   others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit
+   is permitted.  To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers
+   or to  redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission
+   and\hspace*{.5pt}/or  a fee. Request permissions from
+   permissions@acm.org.
+  \or % rightsretained
+   Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work
+   for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that
+   copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage
+   and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first
+   page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be
+   honored. For all other uses, contact the
+   owner\hspace*{.5pt}/author(s).
+  \or % usgov
+   This paper is authored by an employee(s) of the United States
+   Government and is in the public domain. Non-exclusive copying or
+   redistribution is allowed, provided that the article citation is
+   given and the authors and agency are clearly identified as its
+   source.
+  \or % usgovmixed
+   ACM acknowledges that this contribution was authored or co-authored
+   by an employee, contractor, or affiliate of the United States
+   government. As such, the United States government retains a
+   nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this
+   article, or to allow others to do so, for government purposes only.
+  \or % cagov
+   This article was authored by employees of the Government of Canada.
+   As such, the Canadian government retains all interest in the
+   copyright to this work and grants to ACM a nonexclusive,
+   royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this article, or to allow
+   others to do so, provided that clear attribution is given both to
+   the authors and the Canadian government agency employing them.
+   Permission to make digital or hard copies for personal or classroom
+   use is granted. Copies must bear this notice and the full citation
+   on the first page.  Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+   others than the Canadian Government must be honored. To copy
+   otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior specific
+   permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+   permissions@acm.org.
+  \or % cagovmixed
+   ACM acknowledges that this contribution was co-authored by an
+   affiliate of the national government of Canada. As such, the Crown
+   in Right of Canada retains an equal interest in the copyright.
+   Reprints must include clear attribution to ACM and the author's
+   government agency affiliation.  Permission to make digital or hard
+   copies for personal or classroom use is granted.  Copies must bear
+   this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for
+   components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored.
+   To copy otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior
+   specific permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions
+   from permissions@acm.org.
+  \or % licensedusgovmixed
+   Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+   contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+   or affiliate of the United States government. As such, the
+   Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or
+   reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government
+   purposes only.
+  \or % licensedcagov
+   This article was authored by employees of the Government of Canada.
+   As such, the Canadian government retains all interest in the
+   copyright to this work and grants to ACM a nonexclusive,
+   royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this article, or to allow
+   others to do so, provided that clear attribution is given both to
+   the authors and the Canadian government agency employing them.
+   Permission to make digital or hard copies for personal or classroom
+   use is granted. Copies must bear this notice and the full citation
+   on the first page.  Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+   others than the Canadian Government must be honored. To copy
+   otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior specific
+   permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+   permissions@acm.org.
+  \or % licensedcagovmixed
+   Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+   contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+   or affiliate of the national government of Canada. As such, the
+   Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or
+   reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government
+   purposes only.
+  \or % othergov
+   ACM acknowledges that this contribution was authored or co-authored
+   by an employee, contractor or affiliate of a national government. As
+   such, the Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to
+   publish or reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for
+   Government purposes only.
+  \or % licensedothergov
+   Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+   contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+   or affiliate of a national government. As such, the Government
+   retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or reproduce
+   this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government purposes
+   only.
+ \or % iw3c2w3
+   This paper is published under the Creative Commons Attribution~4.0
+   International (CC-BY~4.0) license. Authors reserve their rights to
+   disseminate the work on their personal and corporate Web sites with
+   the appropriate attribution.
+ \or % iw3c2w3g
+   This paper is published under the Creative Commons
+   Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs~4.0 International
+   (CC-BY-NC-ND~4.0) license. Authors reserve their rights to
+   disseminate the work on their personal and corporate Web sites with
+   the appropriate attribution.
+ \fi}
+\def\copyrightyear#1{\def\@copyrightyear{#1}}
+\copyrightyear{\@acmYear}
+\def\@teaserfigures{}
+\newenvironment{teaserfigure}{\Collect@Body\@saveteaser}{}
+\long\def\@saveteaser#1{\g@addto@macro\@teaserfigures{\@teaser{#1}}}
+\renewcommand{\thanks}[1]{%
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+    \if@ACM@anonymous
+      \g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{A note}}%
+   \else
+    \g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{#1}}%
+   \fi}}
+\newbox\mktitle@bx
+\def\maketitle{%
+  \@ACM@maketitle@typesettrue
+  \if@ACM@anonymous
+    % Anonymize omission of \author-s
+    \ifnum\num@authorgroups=0\author{}\fi
+  \fi
+  \begingroup
+  \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+  \let\@footnotemark\@footnotemark@nolink
+  \let\@footnotetext\@footnotetext@nolink
+  \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+  \hsize=\textwidth
+  \def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\@thefnmark}}}%
+  \@mktitle\if@ACM@sigchiamode\else\@mkauthors\fi\@mkteasers
+  \@printtopmatter
+  \if@ACM@sigchiamode\@mkauthors\fi
+  \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+  \def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}%
+  \@titlenotes
+  \@subtitlenotes
+  \@authornotes
+  \let\@makefnmark\relax
+  \let\@thefnmark\relax
+  \let\@makefntext\noindent
+  \ifx\@empty\thankses\else
+    \footnotetextauthorsaddresses{%
+      \def\par{\let\par\@par}\parindent\z@\@setthanks}%
+  \fi
+  \ifx\@empty\@authorsaddresses\else
+     \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+       \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+         \footnotetextauthorsaddresses{%
+           \def\par{\let\par\@par}\parindent\z@\@setauthorsaddresses}%
+       \fi
+     \fi
+  \fi
+  \if@ACM@nonacm\else\footnotetextcopyrightpermission{%
+    \if@ACM@authordraft
+        \raisebox{-2ex}[\z@][\z@]{\makebox[0pt][l]{\large\bfseries
+            Unpublished working draft. Not for distribution.}}%
+       \color[gray]{0.9}%
+    \fi
+    \parindent\z@\parskip0.1\baselineskip
+    \if@ACM@authorversion\else
+      \if@printpermission\@copyrightpermission\par\fi
+    \fi
+    \if@ACM@manuscript\else
+       \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip\else % Print the conference information
+         {\itshape \acmConference@shortname, \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}\par
+       \fi
+    \fi
+    \if@printcopyright
+      \copyright\ \@copyrightyear\ \@copyrightowner\\
+    \else
+      \@copyrightyear.\
+    \fi
+    \if@ACM@manuscript
+      Manuscript submitted to ACM\\
+    \else
+      \if@ACM@authorversion
+          This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for
+          your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive Version
+          of Record was published in
+          \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+            \emph{\@journalName}%
+          \else
+            \emph{\@acmBooktitle}%
+          \fi
+          \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty
+          .
+          \else
+            , \@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}.
+          \fi\\
+        \else
+          \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+            \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+              \@permissionCodeOne/\@acmYear/\@acmMonth-ART\@acmArticle
+              \ifx\@acmPrice\@empty\else\ \$\@acmPrice\fi\\
+              \@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}%
+            \else % Conference
+              \ifx\@acmISBN\@empty\else ACM~ISBN~\@acmISBN
+              \ifx\@acmPrice\@empty.\else\dots\$\@acmPrice\fi\\\fi
+              \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty\else\@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}\fi%
+            \fi
+          \fi
+        \fi
+      \fi}
+    \fi
+  \endgroup
+  \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+  \@mkabstract
+  \if@ACM@printccs
+  \ifx\@concepts\@empty\else\bgroup
+      {\@specialsection{CCS Concepts}%
+         \noindent\@concepts\par}\egroup
+     \fi
+   \fi
+   \ifx\@keywords\@empty\else\bgroup
+      {\if@ACM@journal
+         \@specialsection{Additional Key Words and Phrases}%
+       \else
+         \@specialsection{Keywords}%
+       \fi
+         \noindent\@keywords}\par\egroup
+   \fi
+  \andify\authors
+  \andify\shortauthors
+  \global\let\authors=\authors
+  \global\let\shortauthors=\shortauthors
+  \if@ACM@printacmref
+     \@mkbibcitation
+  \fi
+  \hypersetup{%
+    pdfauthor={\authors},
+    pdftitle={\@title},
+    pdfsubject={\@concepts},
+    pdfkeywords={\@keywords},
+    pdfcreator={LaTeX with acmart
+      \csname ver@acmart.cls\endcsname\space
+      and hyperref
+      \csname ver@hyperref.sty\endcsname}}%
+  \global\@topnum\z@ % this prevents floats from falling
+                     % at the top of page 1
+  \global\@botnum\z@ % we do not want them to be on the bottom either
+  \@printendtopmatter
+  \@afterindentfalse
+  \@afterheading
+}
+\def\@specialsection#1{%
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+    \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+  \or % acmsmall
+    \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+  \or % acmlarge
+    \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+  \or % acmtog
+    \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+  \or % sigconf
+    \section*{#1}%
+  \or % siggraph
+    \section*{#1}%
+  \or % sigplan
+     \noindentparagraph*{#1:~}%
+  \or % sigchi
+    \section*{#1}%
+  \or % sigchi-a
+    \section*{#1}%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\@printtopmatter{%
+  \ifx\@startPage\@empty
+     \gdef\@startPage{1}%
+  \else
+     \setcounter{page}{\@startPage}%
+  \fi
+  \thispagestyle{firstpagestyle}%
+  \noindent
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+    \box\mktitle@bx\par
+  \or % acmsmall
+    \box\mktitle@bx\par
+  \or % acmlarge
+    \box\mktitle@bx\par
+  \or % acmtog
+    \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+  \or % sigconf
+    \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+  \or % siggraph
+    \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+  \or % sigplan
+    \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+  \or % sigchi
+    \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+  \or % sigchi-a
+    \par\box\mktitle@bx\par\bigskip
+    \if@ACM@badge
+       \marginpar{\noindent
+         \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+           \href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+             \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}%
+            \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+          \fi
+         \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+           \href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+             \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}%
+          \fi}%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+}
+\def\@mktitle{%
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+    \@mktitle@i
+  \or % acmsmall
+    \@mktitle@i
+  \or % acmlarge
+    \@mktitle@i
+  \or % acmtog
+    \@mktitle@i
+  \or % sigconf
+    \@mktitle@iii
+  \or % siggraph
+    \@mktitle@iii
+  \or % sigplan
+    \@mktitle@iii
+  \or % sigchi
+    \@mktitle@iii
+  \or % sigchi-a
+    \@mktitle@iv
+  \fi
+}
+\def\@titlefont{%
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+    \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+  \or % acmsmall
+    \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+  \or % acmlarge
+    \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+  \or % acmtog
+    \Huge\sffamily
+  \or % sigconf
+    \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+  \or % siggraph
+    \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+  \or % sigplan
+    \Huge\bfseries
+  \or % sigchi
+    \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+  \or % sigchi-a
+     \Huge\bfseries
+  \fi}
+\def\@subtitlefont{\normalsize
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+    \mdseries
+  \or % acmsmall
+    \mdseries
+  \or % acmlarge
+    \mdseries
+  \or % acmtog
+     \LARGE
+  \or % sigconf
+     \LARGE\mdseries
+  \or % siggraph
+     \LARGE\mdseries
+  \or % sigplan
+     \LARGE\mdseries
+  \or % sigchi
+     \LARGE\mdseries
+  \or % sigchi-a
+     \mdseries
+  \fi}
+\def\@mktitle@i{\hsize=\textwidth
+  \@ACM@title@width=\hsize
+  \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+    \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@width
+    \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@skip
+  \fi
+  \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+    \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@width
+    \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@skip
+  \fi
+  \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\@titlefont
+    \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+      \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+          \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}}%
+      \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+    \fi
+    \parbox[t]{\@ACM@title@width}{\raggedright
+      \@titlefont\noindent
+      \@title
+  \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+    \par\noindent{\@subtitlefont\@subtitle}
+  \fi}%
+  \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+    \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+    \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+        \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}}%
+  \fi
+  \par\bigskip}}%
+\def\@mktitle@iii{\hsize=\textwidth
+    \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\@titlefont\centering
+      \@ACM@title@width=\hsize
+      \if@ACM@badge
+        \advance\@ACM@title@width by -2\@ACM@badge@width
+        \advance\@ACM@title@width by -2\@ACM@badge@skip
+        \parbox[b]{\@ACM@badge@width}{\strut
+          \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+            \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+                \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}}%
+          \fi}%
+        \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+      \fi
+      \parbox[t]{\@ACM@title@width}{\centering\@titlefont
+        \@title
+        \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+          \par\noindent{\@subtitlefont\@subtitle}
+        \fi
+      }%
+      \if@ACM@badge
+        \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+        \parbox[b]{\@ACM@badge@width}{\strut
+          \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+            \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+                \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}}%
+          \fi}%
+      \fi
+      \par\bigskip}}%
+\def\@mktitle@iv{\hsize=\textwidth
+    \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\raggedright\leftskip5pc\@titlefont
+      \noindent\leavevmode\leaders\hrule height 2pt\hfill\kern0pt\par
+      \noindent\@title
+     \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+       \par\noindent\@subtitlefont\@subtitle
+     \fi
+     \par\bigskip}}%
+\newbox\@ACM@commabox
+\def\@ACM@addtoaddress#1{%
+  \ifvmode\else
+    \if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation\else
+    \setbox\@ACM@commabox=\hbox{, }%
+    \unskip\cleaders\copy\@ACM@commabox\hskip\wd\@ACM@commabox
+  \fi\fi
+  #1}
+\def\streetaddress#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\def\postcode#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\if@ACM@journal
+  \def\position#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+  \def\institution#1{\unskip~#1\ignorespaces}
+  \def\city#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+  \def\state#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+  \newcommand\department[2][0]{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+  \def\country#1{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation\else, \fi#1\ignorespaces}
+\else
+  \def\position#1{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation#1\else#1\par\fi}%
+  \def\institution#1{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation#1\else#1\par\fi}%
+  \newcommand\department[2][0]{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation
+    #2\else#2\par\fi}%
+  \let\city\@ACM@addtoaddress
+  \let\state\@ACM@addtoaddress
+  \let\country\@ACM@addtoaddress
+\fi
+\def\@mkauthors{\begingroup
+  \hsize=\textwidth
+  \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+  \relax % manuscript
+    \@mkauthors@i
+  \or % acmsmall
+    \@mkauthors@i
+  \or % acmlarge
+    \@mkauthors@i
+  \or % acmtog
+    \@mkauthors@i
+  \or % sigconf
+    \@mkauthors@iii
+  \or % siggraph
+    \@mkauthors@iii
+  \or % sigplan
+    \@mkauthors@iii
+  \or % sigchi
+    \@mkauthors@iii
+  \or % sigchi-a
+    \@mkauthors@iv
+  \fi
+  \endgroup
+}
+\def\@authorfont{\Large\sffamily}
+\def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+  \def\@authorfont{\large\sffamily}
+  \def\@affiliationfont{\small\normalfont}
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+  \def\@authorfont{\LARGE\sffamily}
+  \def\@affiliationfont{\large}
+\or % sigconf
+  \def\@authorfont{\LARGE}
+  \def\@affiliationfont{\large}
+\or % siggraph
+  \def\@authorfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+  \def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\or % sigplan
+  \def\@authorfont{\Large\normalfont}
+  \def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+  \def\@authorfont{\bfseries}
+  \def\@affiliationfont{\mdseries}
+\or % sigchi-a
+  \def\@authorfont{\bfseries}
+  \def\@affiliationfont{\mdseries}
+\fi
+\def\@typeset@author@line{%
+  \andify\@currentauthors\par\noindent
+  \@currentauthors\def\@currentauthors{}%
+  \ifx\@currentaffiliations\@empty\else
+    \andify\@currentaffiliations
+      \unskip, {\@currentaffiliations}\par
+  \fi
+  \def\@currentaffiliations{}}
+\def\@mkauthors@i{%
+  \def\@currentauthors{}%
+  \def\@currentaffiliations{}%
+  \global\let\and\@typeset@author@line
+  \def\@author##1{%
+    \ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+      \gdef\@currentauthors{\@authorfont\MakeTextUppercase{##1}}%
+    \else
+       \g@addto@macro{\@currentauthors}{\and\MakeTextUppercase{##1}}%
+    \fi
+    \gdef\and{}}%
+  \def\email##1##2{}%
+  \def\affiliation##1##2{%
+    \def\@tempa{##2}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
+       \ifx\@currentaffiliations\@empty
+          \gdef\@currentaffiliations{%
+            \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+            \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}%
+            \@affiliationfont##2}%
+       \else
+         \g@addto@macro{\@currentaffiliations}{\and
+           \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+           \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+      \fi
+    \fi
+     \global\let\and\@typeset@author@line}%
+  \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\box\mktitle@bx\par\medskip
+    \noindent\addresses\@typeset@author@line
+   \par\medskip}%
+}
+\newbox\author@bx
+\newdimen\author@bx@wd
+\newskip\author@bx@sep
+\author@bx@sep=1pc\relax
+\def\@typeset@author@bx{\bgroup\hsize=\author@bx@wd
+  \def\and{\par}\normalbaselines
+  \global\setbox\author@bx=\vtop{\if@ACM@sigchiamode\else\centering\fi
+    \@authorfont\@currentauthors\par\@affiliationfont
+    \@currentaffiliation}\egroup
+  \box\author@bx\hspace{\author@bx@sep}%
+  \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+  \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}}
+\def\@mkauthors@iii{%
+  \author@bx@wd=\textwidth\relax
+  \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+  \ifnum\@ACM@authorsperrow>0\relax
+    \divide\author@bx@wd by \@ACM@authorsperrow\relax
+  \else
+    \ifcase\num@authorgroups
+    \relax % 0?
+    \or  % 1=one author per row
+    \or  % 2=two authors per row
+       \divide\author@bx@wd by \num@authorgroups\relax
+    \or  % 3=three authors per row
+       \divide\author@bx@wd by \num@authorgroups\relax
+    \or  % 4=two authors per row (!)
+       \divide\author@bx@wd by 2\relax
+    \else % three authors per row
+       \divide\author@bx@wd by 3\relax
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+  \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+  \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}%
+  \def\@author##1{\ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+    \gdef\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+  \fi
+  \gdef\and{}}%
+  \def\email##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+    \gdef\@currentaffiliation{\bgroup
+      \mathchardef\UrlBreakPenalty=10000\nolinkurl{##2}\egroup}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par\bgroup
+      \mathchardef\UrlBreakPenalty=10000\nolinkurl{##2}\egroup}%
+  \fi}%
+  \def\affiliation##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+    \gdef\@currentaffiliation{%
+      \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+      \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par
+      \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+      \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+  \fi
+  \global\let\and\@typeset@author@bx
+}%
+  \hsize=\textwidth
+  \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent
+    \box\mktitle@bx\par\medskip\leavevmode
+    \lineskip=1pc\relax\centering\hspace*{-1em}%
+    \addresses\let\and\@typeset@author@bx\and\par\bigskip}}
+\def\@mkauthors@iv{%
+  \author@bx@wd=\columnwidth\relax
+  \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+  \ifnum\@ACM@authorsperrow>0\relax
+    \divide\author@bx@wd by \@ACM@authorsperrow\relax
+  \else
+    \ifcase\num@authorgroups
+    \relax % 0?
+    \or  % 1=one author per row
+    \else  % 2=two authors per row
+       \divide\author@bx@wd by 2\relax
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+  \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+  \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}%
+  \def\@author##1{\ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+    \gdef\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+  \fi
+  \gdef\and{}}%
+  \def\email##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+    \gdef\@currentaffiliation{\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+  \fi}%
+  \def\affiliation##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+    \gdef\@currentaffiliation{%
+      \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+           \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par
+      \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+      \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+  \fi
+  \global\let\and\@typeset@author@bx}%
+    \bgroup\hsize=\columnwidth
+    \par\raggedright\leftskip=\z@
+    \lineskip=1pc\noindent
+    \addresses\let\and\@typeset@author@bx\and\par\bigskip\egroup}
+\def\@mkauthorsaddresses{%
+  \ifnum\num@authors>1\relax
+  Authors' \else Author's \fi
+  \ifnum\num@authorgroups>1\relax
+  addresses: \else address: \fi
+  \bgroup
+  \def\streetaddress##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+  \def\postcode##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+  \def\position##1{\unskip\ignorespaces}%
+  \def\institution##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+  \def\city##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+  \def\state##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+  \renewcommand\department[2][0]{\unskip\@addpunct, ##2}%
+  \def\country##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+  \def\and{\unskip; }%
+  \def\@author##1{##1}%
+  \def\email##1##2{\unskip, \nolinkurl{##2}}%
+  \addresses
+  \egroup}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\if@ACM@journal
+  \ifx\@authorsaddresses\@empty
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{Authors'
+    addresses are mandatory for ACM journals}%
+  \fi\fi\fi}
+\def\@setaddresses{}
+\def\@authornotemark{\g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\footnotemark\relax}}
+\def\@@authornotemark#1{\g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\footnotemark[#1]}}
+\def\@mkteasers{%
+  \ifx\@teaserfigures\@empty\else
+    \def\@teaser##1{\par\bigskip\bgroup
+      \captionsetup{type=figure}##1\egroup\par}
+    \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\box\mktitle@bx\par
+      \noindent\@Description@presentfalse
+      \@teaserfigures\par\if@Description@present\else
+         \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+         \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without
+           description}\fi
+    \medskip}%
+  \fi}
+\def\@mkabstract{\bgroup
+  \ifx\@abstract\@lempty\else
+  {\phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Abstract}%
+    \if@ACM@journal
+       \everypar{\setbox\z@\lastbox\everypar{}}\small
+    \else
+      \section*{\abstractname}%
+    \fi
+   \ignorespaces\@abstract\par}%
+  \fi\egroup}
+\def\@mkbibcitation{\bgroup
+  \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+  \def\@pages@word{\ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}=1\relax page\else pages\fi}%
+  \def\footnotemark{}%
+  \def\\{\unskip{} \ignorespaces}%
+  \def\footnote{\ClassError{\@classname}{Please do not use footnotes
+      inside a \string\title{} or \string\author{} command! Use
+      \string\titlenote{} or \string\authornote{} instead!}}%
+  \def\@article@string{\ifx\@acmArticle\@empty{\ }\else,
+    Article~\@acmArticle\ \fi}%
+  \par\medskip\small\noindent{\bfseries ACM Reference Format:}\par\nobreak
+  \noindent\bgroup
+    \def\\{\unskip{}, \ignorespaces}\authors\egroup. \@acmYear. \@title
+  \ifx\@subtitle\@empty. \else: \@subtitle. \fi
+  \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+    % The 'nonacm' option disables 'printacmref' by default,
+    % and the present \@mkbibcitation definition is never used
+    % in this case. The conditional remains useful if the user
+    % explicitly sets \settopmatter{printacmref=true}.
+    \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+       \textit{\@journalNameShort}
+       \@acmVolume, \@acmNumber \@article@string (\@acmPubDate),
+       \ref{TotPages}~\@pages@word.
+    \else
+       In \textit{\@acmBooktitle}%
+       \ifx\@acmEditors\@empty\textit{.}\else
+         \andify\@acmEditors\textit{, }\@acmEditors~\@editorsAbbrev.%
+       \fi\
+       ACM, New York, NY, USA%
+         \@article@string\unskip, \ref{TotPages}~\@pages@word.
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty\else\@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}\fi
+\par\egroup}
+\def\@printendtopmatter{%
+  \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+  \par\bigskip
+  \let\@vspace\@vspace@acm
+  \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@acm
+  }
+\def\@setthanks{\long\def\thanks##1{\par##1\@addpunct.}\thankses}
+\def\@setauthorsaddresses{\@authorsaddresses\unskip\@addpunct.}
+\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
+\let\ACM@ps@plain\ps@plain
+\let\ACM@ps@myheadings\ps@myheadings
+\let\ACM@ps@headings\ps@headings
+\def\ACM@restore@pagestyle{%
+  \let\ps@plain\ACM@ps@plain
+  \let\ps@myheadings\ACM@ps@myheadings
+  \let\ps@headings\ACM@ps@headings}
+\AtBeginDocument{\ACM@restore@pagestyle}
+\if@ACM@review
+  \newsavebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}
+  \newlength\ACM@linecount@bxht
+  \newcount\ACM@linecount
+  \ACM@linecount\@ne\relax
+  \def\ACM@mk@linecount{%
+    \savebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}[4em][t]{\parbox[t]{4em}{\normalfont
+        \normalsize
+        \setlength{\ACM@linecount@bxht}{0pt}%
+        \loop{\color{red}\scriptsize\the\ACM@linecount}\\
+        \global\advance\ACM@linecount by \@ne
+        \addtolength{\ACM@linecount@bxht}{\baselineskip}%
+        \ifdim\ACM@linecount@bxht<\textheight\repeat
+        {\color{red}\scriptsize\the\ACM@linecount}\hfill
+        \global\advance\ACM@linecount by \@ne}}}
+\fi
+\def\ACM@linecountL{%
+  \if@ACM@review
+  \ACM@mk@linecount
+  \begin{picture}(0,0)%
+    \put(-26,-22){\usebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}}%
+  \end{picture}%
+  \fi}
+\def\ACM@linecountR{%
+  \if@ACM@review
+    \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+    \relax % manuscript
+         \relax
+       \or % acmsmall
+         \relax
+       \or % acmlarge
+         \relax
+       \or % acmtog
+          \ACM@mk@linecount
+       \or % sigconf
+          \ACM@mk@linecount
+       \or % siggraph
+          \ACM@mk@linecount
+       \or % sigplan
+          \ACM@mk@linecount
+       \or % sigchi
+          \ACM@mk@linecount
+       \or % sigchi-a
+          \ACM@mk@linecount
+    \fi
+    \begin{picture}(0,0)%
+      \put(20,-22){\usebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}}%
+     \end{picture}%
+  \fi}
+\if@ACM@timestamp
+  % Subtracting 30 from \time gives us the effect of rounding down despite
+  % \numexpr rounding to nearest
+  \newcounter{ACM@time@hours}
+  \setcounter{ACM@time@hours}{\numexpr (\time - 30) / 60 \relax}
+  \newcounter{ACM@time@minutes}
+  \setcounter{ACM@time@minutes}{\numexpr \time - \theACM@time@hours * 60 \relax}
+  \newcommand\ACM@timestamp{%
+    \footnotesize%
+    \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\relax\else
+    Submission ID: \@acmSubmissionID.{ }%
+    \fi
+    \the\year-\two@digits{\the\month}-\two@digits{\the\day}{ }%
+    \two@digits{\theACM@time@hours}:\two@digits{\theACM@time@minutes}{. }%
+    Page \thepage\ of \@startPage--\pageref*{TotPages}.%
+  }
+\fi
+\def\@shortauthors{%
+  \if@ACM@anonymous
+    Anon.
+    \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\else Submission Id: \@acmSubmissionID\fi
+  \else\shortauthors\fi}
+\def\@headfootfont{\sffamily\footnotesize}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\fancypagestyle{standardpagestyle}{%
+  \fancyhf{}%
+  \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{\z@}%
+  \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{\z@}%
+  \def\@acmArticlePage{%
+    \ifx\@acmArticle\empty%
+      \if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi%
+    \else%
+      \@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi%
+    \fi%
+  }%
+  \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+    \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+    \relax % manuscript
+      \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi}%
+      \fancyhead[RO]{\if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi}%
+      \fancyhead[RE]{\@shortauthors}%
+      \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\shorttitle}%
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM}
+      \fi%
+    \or % acmsmall
+      \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\@acmArticlePage}%
+      \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont\@acmArticlePage}%
+      \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors}%
+      \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+        \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle.  Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+      \fi
+    \or % acmlarge
+      \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+      \@acmArticlePage\quad\textbullet\quad\@shortauthors}%
+      \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+      \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+        \shorttitle\quad\textbullet\quad\@acmArticlePage}%
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+        \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle.  Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+      \fi
+    \or % acmtog
+      \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+        \@acmArticlePage\quad\textbullet\quad\@shortauthors}%
+      \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+      \fancyhead[RE]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+      \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+        \shorttitle\quad\textbullet\quad\@acmArticlePage\ACM@linecountR}%
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+        \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle.  Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+      \fi
+    \else % Proceedings
+      \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+      \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+      \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors\ACM@linecountR}%
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\footnotesize
+          \acmConference@shortname,
+          \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}%
+        \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+          \acmConference@shortname,
+          \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue\ACM@linecountR}%
+      \fi
+    \fi
+  \else % Proceedings
+    \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+    \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+    \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors\ACM@linecountR}%
+    \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+      \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+        \acmConference@shortname,
+        \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}%
+      \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+        \acmConference@shortname,
+        \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue\ACM@linecountR}%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \if@ACM@sigchiamode
+     \fancyheadoffset[L]{\dimexpr(\marginparsep+\marginparwidth)}%
+  \fi
+  \if@ACM@timestamp
+     \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp}
+  \fi
+}%
+\pagestyle{standardpagestyle}
+}
+\newdimen\@folio@wd
+\@folio@wd=\z@
+\newdimen\@folio@ht
+\@folio@ht=\z@
+\newdimen\@folio@voffset
+\@folio@voffset=\z@
+\def\@folio@max{1}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+  \@folio@wd=45.75pt\relax
+  \@folio@ht=1.25in\relax
+  \@folio@voffset=.2in\relax
+  \def\@folio@max{8}
+\or % acmlarge
+  \@folio@wd=43.25pt\relax
+  \@folio@ht=79pt\relax
+  \@folio@voffset=.55in\relax
+  \def\@folio@max{10}
+\fi
+\def\@folioblob{\@tempcnta=0\@acmArticleSeq\relax
+  \ifnum\@tempcnta=0\relax\else
+  \loop
+     \ifnum\@tempcnta>\@folio@max\relax
+      \advance\@tempcnta by - \@folio@max
+   \repeat
+    \advance\@tempcnta by -1\relax
+    \@tempdima=\@folio@ht\relax
+    \multiply\@tempdima by \the\@tempcnta\relax
+    \advance\@tempdima by -\@folio@voffset\relax
+    \begin{picture}(0,0)
+    \makebox[\z@]{\raisebox{-\@tempdima}{%
+        \rlap{%
+          \raisebox{-0.45\@folio@ht}[\z@][\z@]{%
+            \rule{\@folio@wd}{\@folio@ht}}}%
+        \parbox{\@folio@wd}{%
+          \centering
+          \textcolor{white}{\LARGE\sffamily\bfseries\@acmArticle}}}}
+  \end{picture}\fi}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\fancypagestyle{firstpagestyle}{%
+  \fancyhf{}%
+  \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{\z@}%
+  \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{\z@}%
+  \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+    \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+    \relax % manuscript
+      \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+      \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\if@ACM@printfolios\small\thepage\fi}%
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RE,LO]{\footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM}%
+      \fi%
+    \or % acmsmall
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+        \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle.  Publication date:
+        \@acmPubDate.}%
+      \fi%
+      \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@folioblob}%
+      \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+      \fancyhead[RO]{\@folioblob}%
+      \fancyheadoffset[RO,LE]{0.6\@folio@wd}%
+    \or % acmlarge
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+        \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle.  Publication date:
+        \@acmPubDate.}%
+      \fi%
+      \fancyhead[RO]{\@folioblob}%
+      \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@folioblob}%
+      \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+      \fancyheadoffset[RO,LE]{1.4\@folio@wd}%
+    \or % acmtog
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+        \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+        \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle.  Publication date:
+        \@acmPubDate.}%
+      \fi%
+      \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+      \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+    \else % Conference proceedings
+      \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+      \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+      \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+    \fi
+  \else
+    \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+    \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+    \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+  \fi
+  \if@ACM@timestamp
+    \ifnum\ACM@format@nr=0\relax % Manuscript
+    \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp\quad
+      \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+        \footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM
+      \fi}
+    \else
+    \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp}
+    \fi
+  \fi
+}}
+\def\ACM@NRadjust#1{%
+ \begingroup
+  \expandafter\ifx\csname Sectionformat\endcsname\relax
+  % do nothing when  \Sectionformat  is unknown
+   \def\next{\endgroup #1}%
+ \else
+  \def\next{\endgroup
+   \let\realSectionformat\Sectionformat
+   \def\ACM@sect@format@{#1}%
+   \let\Sectionformat\ACM@NR@adjustedSectionformat
+ %%  next lines added 2018-06-17 to ensure section number is styled
+   \let\real@adddotafter\@adddotafter
+   \let\@adddotafter\ACM@adddotafter
+   #1{}% imposes the styles, but nullifies  \MakeUppercase
+   \let\@adddotafter\real@adddotafter
+  }%
+ \fi \next
+}
+\def\ACM@NR@adjustedSectionformat#1#2{%
+ \realSectionformat{\ACM@sect@format{#1}}{#2}%
+ \let\Sectionformat\realSectionformat}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ACM@sect@format}{\ACM@sect@format@}
+\def\ACM@sect@format@null#1{#1}
+\let\ACM@sect@format@\ACM@sect@format@null
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname LTX@adddotafter\endcsname\relax
+  \let\LTX@adddotafter\@adddotafter
+ \fi
+}
+\def\ACM@adddotafter#1{\ifx\relax#1\relax\else\LTX@adddotafter{#1}\fi}
+\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+  {-.75\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+  {.25\baselineskip}%
+  {\ACM@NRadjust\@secfont}}
+\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+  {-.75\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+  {.25\baselineskip}%
+  {\ACM@NRadjust\@subsecfont}}
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+  {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+  {-3.5\p@}%
+  {\ACM@NRadjust{\@subsubsecfont\@adddotafter}}}
+\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\parindent}%
+  {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+  {-3.5\p@}%
+  {\ACM@NRadjust{\@parfont\@adddotafter}}}
+\newcommand\noindentparagraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+  {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+  {-3.5\p@}%
+  {\ACM@NRadjust{\@parfont}}}
+
+\renewcommand\part{\@startsection{part}{9}{\z@}%
+  {-10\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -2\p@}%
+  {4\p@}%
+  {\ACM@NRadjust\@parfont}}
+\def\section@raggedright{\@rightskip\@flushglue
+  \rightskip\@rightskip
+  \leftskip\z@skip
+  \parindent\z@}
+\def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+\def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\def\@subsubsecfont{\sffamily\itshape}
+\def\@parfont{\itshape}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright}
+\or % acmtog
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigconf
+ \def\@secfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+\or % siggraph
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@secfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+ \def\@subsubsecfont{\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+ \def\@parfont{\bfseries\itshape}
+ \def\@subparfont{\itshape}
+\or % sigchi
+ \setcounter{secnumdepth}{1}
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\fi
+\def\@adddotafter#1{#1\@addpunct{.}}
+\def\@addspaceafter#1{#1\@addpunct{\enspace}}
+\providecommand*\@dotsep{4.5}
+\def\@acmplainbodyfont{\itshape}
+\def\@acmplainindent{\parindent}
+\def\@acmplainheadfont{\scshape}
+\def\@acmplainnotefont{\@empty}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+  \def\@acmplainbodyfont{\itshape}
+  \def\@acmplainindent{\z@}
+  \def\@acmplainheadfont{\bfseries}
+  \def\@acmplainnotefont{\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newtheoremstyle{acmplain}%
+  {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+    \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space above
+  {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+    \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space below
+  {\@acmplainbodyfont}% body font
+  {\@acmplainindent}% indent amount
+  {\@acmplainheadfont}% head font
+  {.}% punctuation after head
+  {.5em}% spacing after head
+  {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{ #2}\thmnote{ {\@acmplainnotefont(#3)}}}% head spec
+\def\@acmdefinitionbodyfont{\normalfont}
+\def\@acmdefinitionindent{\parindent}
+\def\@acmdefinitionheadfont{\itshape}
+\def\@acmdefinitionnotefont{\@empty}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+  \def\@acmdefinitionbodyfont{\normalfont}
+  \def\@acmdefinitionindent{\z@}
+  \def\@acmdefinitionheadfont{\bfseries}
+  \def\@acmdefinitionnotefont{\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newtheoremstyle{acmdefinition}%
+  {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+    \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space above
+  {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+    \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space below
+  {\@acmdefinitionbodyfont}% body font
+  {\@acmdefinitionindent}% indent amount
+  {\@acmdefinitionheadfont}% head font
+  {.}% punctuation after head
+  {.5em}% spacing after head
+  {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{ #2}\thmnote{ {\@acmdefinitionnotefont(#3)}}}% head spec
+\theoremstyle{acmplain}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+  \if@ACM@acmthm
+  \theoremstyle{acmplain}
+  \@ifundefined{theorem}{%
+  \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
+  }{}
+  \@ifundefined{conjecture}{%
+  \newtheorem{conjecture}[theorem]{Conjecture}
+  }{}
+  \@ifundefined{proposition}{%
+  \newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
+  }{}
+  \@ifundefined{lemma}{%
+  \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
+  }{}
+  \@ifundefined{corollary}{%
+  \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
+  }{}
+  \theoremstyle{acmdefinition}
+  \@ifundefined{example}{%
+  \newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
+  }{}
+  \@ifundefined{definition}{%
+  \newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition}
+  }{}
+  \fi
+  \theoremstyle{acmplain}
+}
+\def\@proofnamefont{\scshape}
+\def\@proofindent{\indent}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+  \def\@proofnamefont{\itshape}
+  \def\@proofindent{\noindent}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\renewenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+  \pushQED{\qed}%
+  \normalfont \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@\relax
+  \trivlist
+  \item[\@proofindent\hskip\labelsep
+        {\@proofnamefont #1\@addpunct{.}}]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+  \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse
+}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+  \if@ACM@balance
+    \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+    \relax % manuscript
+         \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+       \or % acmsmall
+         \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+       \or % acmlarge
+         \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+       \or % acmtog
+          \RequirePackage{balance}%
+       \or % sigconf
+          \RequirePackage{balance}%
+       \or % siggraph
+          \RequirePackage{balance}%
+       \or % sigplan
+          \RequirePackage{balance}%
+       \or % sigchi
+          \RequirePackage{balance}%
+       \or % sigchi-a
+          \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+    \fi
+  \fi
+}
+\AtEndDocument{%
+  \if@ACM@balance
+  \if@twocolumn
+  \balance
+  \fi\fi}
+\newcommand\acksname{Acknowledgments}
+\specialcomment{acks}{%
+  \begingroup
+  \section*{\acksname}
+  \phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\acksname}
+}{%
+  \endgroup
+}
+\def\grantsponsor#1#2#3{#2}
+\newcommand\grantnum[3][]{#3%
+  \def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\space(\url{#1})\fi}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+\if@ACM@screen
+  \includecomment{screenonly}
+  \excludecomment{printonly}
+\else
+  \excludecomment{screenonly}
+  \includecomment{printonly}
+\fi
+\if@ACM@anonymous
+  \excludecomment{anonsuppress}
+  \excludecomment{acks}
+\else
+  \includecomment{anonsuppress}
+\fi}
+\newcommand\showeprint[2][arxiv]{%
+  \def\@tempa{#1}%
+  \ifx\@tempa\@empty\def\@tempa{arxiv}\fi
+  \def\@tempb{arxiv}%
+  \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+     arXiv:\href{https://arxiv.org/abs/#2}{#2}\else arXiv:#2%
+  \fi}
+\let\@vspace@orig=\@vspace
+\let\@vspacer@orig=\@vspacer
+\apptocmd{\@vspace}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{\string\vspace\space should
+    only be used to provide space above/below surrounding
+    objects}}{}{}
+\apptocmd{\@vspacer}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{\string\vspace\space should
+    only be used to provide space above/below surrounding
+    objects}}{}{}
+\let\@vspace@acm=\@vspace
+\let\@vspacer@acm=\@vspacer
+\let\ACM@origbaselinestretch\baselinestretch
+\AtEndDocument{\ifx\baselinestretch\ACM@origbaselinestretch\else
+  \ClassError{\@classname}{An attempt to redefine
+    \string\baselinestretch\space detected.  Please do not do this for
+    ACM submissions!}\fi}
+\normalsize\normalfont\frenchspacing
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `acmart.cls'.
diff --git a/main.tex b/main.tex
index 6c5aa77..cd40e59 100644
--- a/main.tex
+++ b/main.tex
@@ -1,14 +1,203 @@
-\documentclass{article}
-\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+%% For double-blind review submission, w/o CCS and ACM Reference (max submission space)
+\documentclass[acmsmall,review,anonymous]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true,printccs=false,printacmref=false}
+%% For double-blind review submission, w/ CCS and ACM Reference
+%\documentclass[acmsmall,review,anonymous]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+%% For single-blind review submission, w/o CCS and ACM Reference (max submission space)
+%\documentclass[acmsmall,review]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true,printccs=false,printacmref=false}
+%% For single-blind review submission, w/ CCS and ACM Reference
+%\documentclass[acmsmall,review]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+%% For final camera-ready submission, w/ required CCS and ACM Reference
+%\documentclass[acmsmall]{acmart}\settopmatter{}
+
+
+%% Journal information
+%% Supplied to authors by publisher for camera-ready submission;
+%% use defaults for review submission.
+\acmJournal{PACMPL}
+\acmVolume{1}
+\acmNumber{CONF} % CONF = POPL or ICFP or OOPSLA
+\acmArticle{1}
+\acmYear{2018}
+\acmMonth{1}
+\acmDOI{} % \acmDOI{10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn}
+\startPage{1}
+
+%% Copyright information
+%% Supplied to authors (based on authors' rights management selection;
+%% see authors.acm.org) by publisher for camera-ready submission;
+%% use 'none' for review submission.
+\setcopyright{none}
+%\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
+%\setcopyright{acmlicensed}
+%\setcopyright{rightsretained}
+%\copyrightyear{2018}           %% If different from \acmYear
+
+%% Bibliography style
+\bibliographystyle{ACM-Reference-Format}
+%% Citation style
+%% Note: author/year citations are required for papers published as an
+%% issue of PACMPL.
+\citestyle{acmauthoryear}   %% For author/year citations
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Note: Authors migrating a paper from PACMPL format to traditional
+%% SIGPLAN proceedings format must update the '\documentclass' and
+%% topmatter commands above; see 'acmart-sigplanproc-template.tex'.
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+
+%% Some recommended packages.
+\usepackage{booktabs}   %% For formal tables:
+                        %% http://ctan.org/pkg/booktabs
+\usepackage{subcaption} %% For complex figures with subfigures/subcaptions
+                        %% http://ctan.org/pkg/subcaption
 
-\title{Formally Verified HLS}
-\author{ymherklotz }
-\date{June 2020}
 
 \begin{document}
 
+%% Title information
+\title[Short Title]{Full Title}         %% [Short Title] is optional;
+                                        %% when present, will be used in
+                                        %% header instead of Full Title.
+\titlenote{with title note}             %% \titlenote is optional;
+                                        %% can be repeated if necessary;
+                                        %% contents suppressed with 'anonymous'
+\subtitle{Subtitle}                     %% \subtitle is optional
+\subtitlenote{with subtitle note}       %% \subtitlenote is optional;
+                                        %% can be repeated if necessary;
+                                        %% contents suppressed with 'anonymous'
+
+
+%% Author information
+%% Contents and number of authors suppressed with 'anonymous'.
+%% Each author should be introduced by \author, followed by
+%% \authornote (optional), \orcid (optional), \affiliation, and
+%% \email.
+%% An author may have multiple affiliations and/or emails; repeat the
+%% appropriate command.
+%% Many elements are not rendered, but should be provided for metadata
+%% extraction tools.
+
+%% Author with single affiliation.
+\author{First1 Last1}
+\authornote{with author1 note}          %% \authornote is optional;
+                                        %% can be repeated if necessary
+\orcid{nnnn-nnnn-nnnn-nnnn}             %% \orcid is optional
+\affiliation{
+  \position{Position1}
+  \department{Department1}              %% \department is recommended
+  \institution{Institution1}            %% \institution is required
+  \streetaddress{Street1 Address1}
+  \city{City1}
+  \state{State1}
+  \postcode{Post-Code1}
+  \country{Country1}                    %% \country is recommended
+}
+\email{first1.last1@inst1.edu}          %% \email is recommended
+
+%% Author with two affiliations and emails.
+\author{First2 Last2}
+\authornote{with author2 note}          %% \authornote is optional;
+                                        %% can be repeated if necessary
+\orcid{nnnn-nnnn-nnnn-nnnn}             %% \orcid is optional
+\affiliation{
+  \position{Position2a}
+  \department{Department2a}             %% \department is recommended
+  \institution{Institution2a}           %% \institution is required
+  \streetaddress{Street2a Address2a}
+  \city{City2a}
+  \state{State2a}
+  \postcode{Post-Code2a}
+  \country{Country2a}                   %% \country is recommended
+}
+\email{first2.last2@inst2a.com}         %% \email is recommended
+\affiliation{
+  \position{Position2b}
+  \department{Department2b}             %% \department is recommended
+  \institution{Institution2b}           %% \institution is required
+  \streetaddress{Street3b Address2b}
+  \city{City2b}
+  \state{State2b}
+  \postcode{Post-Code2b}
+  \country{Country2b}                   %% \country is recommended
+}
+\email{first2.last2@inst2b.org}         %% \email is recommended
+
+
+%% Abstract
+%% Note: \begin{abstract}...\end{abstract} environment must come
+%% before \maketitle command
+\begin{abstract}
+Text of abstract \ldots.
+\end{abstract}
+
+
+%% 2012 ACM Computing Classification System (CSS) concepts
+%% Generate at 'http://dl.acm.org/ccs/ccs.cfm'.
+\begin{CCSXML}
+<ccs2012>
+<concept>
+<concept_id>10011007.10011006.10011008</concept_id>
+<concept_desc>Software and its engineering~General programming languages</concept_desc>
+<concept_significance>500</concept_significance>
+</concept>
+<concept>
+<concept_id>10003456.10003457.10003521.10003525</concept_id>
+<concept_desc>Social and professional topics~History of programming languages</concept_desc>
+<concept_significance>300</concept_significance>
+</concept>
+</ccs2012>
+\end{CCSXML}
+
+\ccsdesc[500]{Software and its engineering~General programming languages}
+\ccsdesc[300]{Social and professional topics~History of programming languages}
+%% End of generated code
+
+
+%% Keywords
+%% comma separated list
+\keywords{keyword1, keyword2, keyword3}  %% \keywords are mandatory in final camera-ready submission
+
+
+%% \maketitle
+%% Note: \maketitle command must come after title commands, author
+%% commands, abstract environment, Computing Classification System
+%% environment and commands, and keywords command.
 \maketitle
 
+
 \section{Introduction}
 
+Text of paper \ldots
+
+
+%% Acknowledgments
+\begin{acks}                            %% acks environment is optional
+                                        %% contents suppressed with 'anonymous'
+  %% Commands \grantsponsor{<sponsorID>}{<name>}{<url>} and
+  %% \grantnum[<url>]{<sponsorID>}{<number>} should be used to
+  %% acknowledge financial support and will be used by metadata
+  %% extraction tools.
+  This material is based upon work supported by the
+  \grantsponsor{GS100000001}{National Science
+    Foundation}{http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001} under Grant
+  No.~\grantnum{GS100000001}{nnnnnnn} and Grant
+  No.~\grantnum{GS100000001}{mmmmmmm}.  Any opinions, findings, and
+  conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those
+  of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
+  National Science Foundation.
+\end{acks}
+
+
+%% Bibliography
+%\bibliography{bibfile}
+
+
+%% Appendix
+\appendix
+\section{Appendix}
+
+Text of appendix \ldots
+
 \end{document}