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authorYann Herklotz <git@yannherklotz.com>2021-04-17 12:19:32 +0100
committerYann Herklotz <git@yannherklotz.com>2021-04-17 12:19:32 +0100
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@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ We were able to use 27 of the 30 programs; three had to be discarded (\texttt{co
%In summary, we evaluate 27 programs from the latest Polybench suite.
We configured \polybench{}'s parameters so that only integer types are used. We use \polybench{}'s smallest datasets for each program to ensure that data can reside within on-chip memories of the FPGA, avoiding any need for off-chip memory accesses.
-\vericert{} implements divisions and modulo operations in C using the corresponding built-in Verilog operators. These built-in operators are designed to complete within a single clock cycle, and this causes substantial penalties in clock frequency. Other HLS tools, including LegUp, supply their own multi-cycle division/modulo implementations, and we plan to do the same in future versions of \vericert{}. Implementing pipelined operators such as the divide and modulus operator can be solved by scheduling the instructions so that these can execute in parallel, which is the main optimisation that needs to be added to \vericert{}. In the meantime, we have prepared an alternative version of the benchmarks in which each division/modulo operation is replaced with our own implementation that uses repeated division and multiplications by 2. Figure~\ref{fig:polybench-div} shows the results of comparing Vericert with optimised LegUp 4.0 on the \polybench{} benchmarks, where divisions have been left intact. Figure~\ref{fig:polybench-nodiv} performs the comparison where the division/modulo operations have been replaced by the iterative algorithm.
+\vericert{} implements divisions and modulo operations in C using the corresponding built-in Verilog operators. These built-in operators are designed to complete within a single clock cycle, and this causes substantial penalties in clock frequency. Other HLS tools, including LegUp, supply their own multi-cycle division/modulo implementations, and we plan to do the same in future versions of \vericert{}. Implementing pipelined operators such as the divide and modulus operator can be solved by scheduling the instructions so that these can execute in parallel, which is the main optimisation that needs to be added to \vericert{}. In the meantime, we have prepared an alternative version of the benchmarks in which each division/modulo operation is replaced with our own implementation that uses repeated division and multiplications by 2. Figure~\ref{fig:polybench-div} shows the results of comparing \vericert{} with optimised LegUp 4.0 on the \polybench{} benchmarks, where divisions have been left intact. Figure~\ref{fig:polybench-nodiv} performs the comparison where the division/modulo operations have been replaced by the iterative algorithm.
\paragraph{Synthesis setup} The Verilog that is generated by \vericert{} or \legup{} is provided to Xilinx Vivado v2017.1~\cite{xilinx_vivad_desig_suite}, which synthesises it to a netlist, before placing-and-routing this netlist onto a Xilinx XC7Z020 FPGA device that contains approximately 85000 LUTs.